磁性颗粒/碳纤维轻质柔软复合材料制备及其吸波性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20170203106

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为开发兼具电损耗和磁损耗的新型轻质柔软吸波复合材料,采用聚丙烯腈(PAN)基预氧丝毡浸渍金属盐溶液,经高温处理工艺制备了磁性颗粒/碳纤维轻质柔软复合材料。通过弓形法吸波测试、X射线衍射、X射线能谱分析、扫描电子显微镜观察等方法对材料性能进行表征和分析。结果表明:所制备的复合材料由碳纤维和具有磁损耗性能的Fe—Co—Ni、Fe₃O₄、Fe—Ni、Fe—Co等颗粒组成,磁性颗粒沿着纤维轴向均匀分布,电损耗与磁损耗间的协同作用使磁性颗粒/碳纤维复合材料表现出优异的吸波性能。当处理温度为650 ℃和700 ℃时,试样电磁波发射损耗小于-5 dB的吸收波段分别为8.6~18 GHz和10~18 GHz,电磁波反射损耗小于-10 dB的吸收波段分别为13.9~18 GHz和14~18 GHz。结果表明,过高或过低的处理温度会降低材料电磁波损耗,通过调节处理温度可控制材料的吸波性能。

关键词: 复合材料, 碳纤维, 金属盐, 磁性颗粒, 吸波性能

Abstract:

For developing novel flexible lightweight composite materials having both dielectric loss and magnetic loss abilities, magnetic particles-carbon fiber composites were prepared by impregnating polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based preoxidative fiber felts with metal salt solution and high temperature carbonizing. As-prepared materials were characterized and analyzed by segmental support based adsorption, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that the prepared composite material was composed of carbon fibers and magnetic Fe-Co-Ni, Fe₃O₄, Fe-Ni, Fe-Co and so on. The magnetic particles are uniformly distributed along the fiber axis. With the synergistic effects of dielectric loss of magnetic particles and magnetic loss of carbon fibers, such carbon fiber composite materials exhibites excellent microwave absorption property. When the treatment temperature is 650 ℃ and 700 ℃, the absorption bands of electromagnetic wave loss lower than -5 dB are 8.6-18 GHz and 10-18 GHz, respectively, while the absorption frequency are 13.9-18 GHz and 14-18 GHz for those of electromagnetic loss lower than -10 dB. In addtion, the treatment temperature higher than 700 ℃ or lower than 650 ℃ will decrease the adsorption of electromagnetic waves. The microwave absorption property of magnetic particle-carbon fiber composites can controlled by adjusting the treatment temperature.

Key words: composite, carbon fiber, metal salt, magnetic particle, wave absorption property

中图分类号:

TB333

叶伟, 孙雷, 余进, 孙启龙. 磁性颗粒/碳纤维轻质柔软复合材料制备及其吸波性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(01): 97-102.

YE Wei, SUN Lei, YU Jin, SUN Qilong. Preparation and microwave absorption property of flexible lightweight magnetic particles-carbon fiber composites[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(01): 97-102.

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