预处理方法对丝瓜络纤维性能的影响

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20171101706

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高丝瓜络纤维资源的利用价值，采用气爆法、复合酶法、化学法对丝瓜络纤维进行处理，研究处理方法对纤维性能的影响。借助扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪等对处理前后丝瓜络纤维的表面形态、脱胶率、化学成分、热学性能及吸湿性能进行分析，并根据纤维的吸放湿性能绘制吸放湿曲线。结果表明：预处理后丝瓜络纤维表面均出现条痕，化学处理的效果最明显；气爆处理纤维的脱胶率最低为20. 00%，纤维素含量为54. 61%，化学处理后纤维素含量高达81. 10%，酶处理效果介于二者之间，3 种处理方法对木质素的去除率均较低：丝瓜络纤维的回潮率随着脱胶率的提高而增加，3 种方法处理丝瓜络纤维后的吸放湿曲线规律基本一致；预处理有助于丝瓜络纤维热稳定性的提高，且脱胶率越高，热分解温度也越高。

关键词: 丝瓜络纤维, 预处理, 吸湿性, 脱胶率, 热学性能

Abstract:

In order to exploit the utilization value of luffa fiber resources, steam explosion, combined enzyme process and chemical process were adopted to treat natural luffa fiber, and the effect of different treatment processes on luffa fiber′ s properties was investigated. Scanning electran microsoope and thermogravimetric analyzer were used to analyze the surface morphology structure, degumming rate, chemical composition, thermal property and moisture absorption and release properties of luffa fibers before and after treatment, and the moisture absorption and release curves of luffa fibers were drawn. The result shows that the treated luffa fibers all have a large number of grooves in the surface, and the chemical treatment effect is the most obvious. The fibers subjected to the steam explosion treatment have the lowest degumming rate of 20. 00% and cellulose content is 54. 61%. The fibers subjected to the chemical treatment has the cellulose content up to 81. 10%, and the effect of the enzyme treatment is the second. The lignin content of luffa fibers subjected to the three treatment process are all high. The moisture regain of luffa fiber increases with the increase of the degumming rate, the curves of moisture absorption and release of luffa fibers treated by the three processes have substantial consistent rule. The pretreatment facilitates the improvement of thermal stability of luffa fibers. The higher the degumming rate, the higher the thermal decomposition temperature.

Key words: luffa fiber, pretreatment, moisture absorption, degumming rate, thermal property

闫红芹徐文正严庆帅郭棋盛. 预处理方法对丝瓜络纤维性能的影响[J]. 纺织学报, 2018, 39(12): 72-77.

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