纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (04): 32-37.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180503506

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

氧化石墨烯/聚偏二氟乙烯复合纤维过滤膜的制备及其过滤性能

胡雪敏1(), 杨文秀1, 李腾2   

  1. 1.河北科技大学 纺织服装学院, 河北 石家庄 050000
    2.东华大学 化学化工与生物工程学院, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-15 修回日期:2019-01-10 出版日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-04-16
  • 作者简介:胡雪敏(1975—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为纤维性能与纺织品绿色功能整理。E-mail:huxuemin518@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省高等学校科学技术研究基金项目(QN2015147);河北省高等学校科学技术研究基金项目(ZD2017231);河北科技大学平台项目(2015PT66)

Preparation of graphene oxide/polyvinglidene fluoride composite filtration membrane and its filtration performance

HU Xuemin1(), YANG Wenxiu1, LI Teng2   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Garment, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
    2. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2018-05-15 Revised:2019-01-10 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-16

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摘要：

为得到高过滤效率、低过滤阻力的空气过滤材料,将氧化石墨烯掺入以聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)为基体,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与丙酮为混合溶剂的纺丝液中,利用静电纺丝技术制备高性能氧化石墨烯/PVDF复合纤维过滤膜。研究不同聚偏二氟乙烯质量分数、氧化石墨烯质量分数、静电纺丝电压、接收距离等参数对复合纳米纤维过滤膜外观形态、过滤效率、过滤阻力的影响。结果表明:聚偏二氟乙烯质量分数为16%,氧化石墨烯质量分数为1.0%,静电纺丝电压为29.0 kV,接收距离为16 cm时,制备的复合纤维过滤膜形貌较好,纤维连续且均匀,过滤效率为99.99%,过滤阻力为11.53 Pa/μm,具有良好的过滤性能。

关键词: 氧化石墨烯/聚偏二氟乙烯复合纤维, 过滤膜, 静电纺丝, 过滤效率, 过滤阻力

Abstract:

In order to obtain high-filtration efficiency low-filtration resistance materials for air filtration, high performance graphene oxide/polyinglidene fluoride(PVDF) composite filtration membrane were prepared by blending graphene oxide particles into spinning solution using N,N-dimethylformamide/acetone as mixed solvents and PVDF as matrix, and electrospinning. The effects of PVDF concentration, graphene oxide concentration, electrospinning voltage and receiving distance on the morphology, filtration efficiency and filter resistance properties of high performance graphene oxide filtration membrane were discussed. The results show that under the conditions of PVDF mass fraction of 16%, graphene oxide mass fraction of 1.0%, electrospinning voltage of 29.0 kV and receiving distance of 16 cm, the prepared composite filtration membrane has good morphology and continuous and uniform fiber. The filtration efficiency of the composite filtration membrane is 99.99%, and the filtration resistance is 11.53 Pa/μm. The composite membrane has good filtering performance.

Key words: graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, filtration membrane, electrospinning, filtration efficiency, filtration resistance

中图分类号: 

  • TQ340.64

图1

静电纺丝装置示意图"

图2

不同PVDF质量分数GO/PVDF纤维膜扫描电镜照片"

图3

不同氧化石墨烯质量分数GO/PVDF纤维膜扫描电镜照片"

表1

不同氧化石墨烯质量分数纤维直径变异系数"

GO质量分数/% 平均直径/nm 标准偏差/nm 变异系数/%
1.0 167 0.32 19
1.5 252 0.99 39
2.0 177 0.48 27

图4

不同纺丝电压GO/PVDF纤维膜扫描电镜照片"

表2

不同纺丝电压GO/PVDF纤维膜性能"

纺丝电压/kV 过滤效率/% 孔隙率/% 过滤阻力/(Pa·μm-1)
25.0 99.96 68 20.80
27.5 99.98 82 14.69
30.0 99.98 76 28.93

表3

不同接收距离GO/PVDF纤维膜性能"

接收距离/cm 过滤效率/% 孔隙率/% 过滤阻力/(Pa·μm-1)
12 99.94 70 12.50
14 99.98 80 14.69
16 99.91 82 12.26

表4

正交试验结果"

试验
编号		 PVDF质量
分数/%		 GO质量分
数/%		 纺丝电压/
kV		 过滤阻力/
(Pa·μm-1)
1 15 0.8 26.0 28.07
2 15 1.0 27.5 14.61
3 15 1.2 29.0 12.87
4 16 0.8 27.5 16.28
5 16 1.0 29.0 11.53
6 16 1.2 26.0 16.40
7 17 0.8 29.0 11.73
8 17 1.0 26.0 18.87
9 17 1.2 27.5 16.35
K1 55.55 56.08 63.34
K2 44.21 45.01 47.24
K3 46.95 45.62 36.13
k1 18.52 18.69 21.11
k2 14.74 15.00 15.75
k3 15.65 15.21 12.04
R 3.78 3.69 9.07

图5

最优纺丝工艺条件下GO/PVDF纤维膜扫描电镜照片"

表5

PVDF与GO/PVDF纤维膜的过滤性能"

纤维膜名称 过滤效率/% 孔隙率/% 过滤阻力/(Pa·μm-1)
PVDF 78.70 75 4.89
GO/PVDF 99.99 85 11.53

表6

过滤时间对GO/PVDF纤维膜过滤效率与过滤阻力的影响"

过滤时
间/min		 PVDF纤维膜 GO/PVDF 纤维膜
过滤效率/
%		 过滤阻力/
(Pa·μm-1)		 过滤效率/
%		 过滤阻力/
(Pa·μm-1)
0 78.7 4.89 99.99 11.53
10 78.8 4.89 99.99 11.54
20 78.8 4.89 99.99 11.55
30 78.8 4.90 99.99 11.55
40 78.8 4.90 99.99 11.56
50 78.8 4.90 99.99 11.56
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