纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (04): 15-20.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180506706

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/氯化钙体系对热致液晶聚芳酯纤维结构及性能的影响

刘冰倩1, 盛丹2, 潘恒1, 曹根阳1()   

  1. 1.武汉纺织大学 纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室培育基地, 湖北 武汉 430200
    2.江南大学 纺织服装学院, 江苏 无锡 214122
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-28 修回日期:2019-01-03 出版日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 曹根阳
  • 作者简介:刘冰倩(1994—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为高性能纤维改性。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51325306)

Influence of N,N-dimethylacetamide/CaCl2 system on structure and properties of thermotropic liquid crystal polyarylate fibers

LIU Bingqian1, SHENG Dan2, PAN Heng1, CAO Genyang1()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan,Hubei 430200, China
    2. School of Textiles and Clothing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
  • Received:2018-05-28 Revised:2019-01-03 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-04-16
  • Contact: CAO Genyang

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摘要：

为提高热致液晶聚芳酯(TLCP)纤维与基体材料的界面黏结性能,同时保持其优异的热学和力学性能,采用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺/氯化钙(DMAc/CaCl2)体系对TLCP纤维进行表面改性制备TLCP/聚氨酯复合材料。借助单纤维万能测试仪、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、同步热分析仪和万能材料试验机等对改性前后的样品进行表征与分析。结果表明:TLCP纤维经DMAc/CaCl2改性处理后表面条纹增多,平均粗糙度由96.42 nm增至438.60 nm;改性处理后的TLCP/聚氨酯复合材料的界面黏结性能有明显改善,平均剥离强度由0.71 N/mm提高到1.14 N/mm;改性后TLCP纤维分子结构无明显变化,纤维结晶结构不变,结晶度由69.00%降至64.45%;当DMAc体积分数不超过30%时,纤维的力学性能无明显下降。

关键词: 热致液晶聚芳酯纤维, N, N-二甲基乙酰胺/氯化钙体系, 表面改性, 界面性能, 力学性能

Abstract:

In order to improve the interfacial bonding property between thermotropic liquid crystal polyarylate (TLCP) fibers and matrix material while maintaining the excellent thermal and mechanical properties of TLCP fibers, TLCP/polyurethane composites were prepared by surface modification of TLCP fibers with N,N-dimethylacetamide/calcium chloride (DMAc/CaCl2) system. The TLCP fibers before and after modification were characterized and analyzed by means of single fiber universal tester, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, synchronized thermal analyzer and universal material testing machine. The results show that, after being modified with DMAc/CaCl2, TLCP fibers have increased surface fringes, and the average roughness increases from 96.42 to 438.60 nm. The interfacial bonding property of the modified TLCP fabric/polyurethane composites is improved significantly, and the average peeling strength increases from 0.71 N/mm to 1.14 N/mm. The modified TLCP fibers have no obvious change in the molecular structure and the crystal structure, and the crystallinity reduces from 69.00% to 64.45%. When the DMAc volume fraction does not exceed 30%, the mechanical properties of the fibers are not significantly damaged.

Key words: thermotropic liquid crystal polyarylate fiber, N, N-dimethylacetamide/calcium chloride system, surface modification, interface property, mechanical property

中图分类号: 

  • TQ342.724

表1

DMAc体积分数对TLCP纤维力学性能的影响"

DMAc体积
分数/%		 断裂强度 断裂伸长率 断裂功
平均值/(cN·dtex-1) CV值/% 平均值/% CV值/% 平均值/(cN·cm) CV值/%
0 27.81 6.69 3.00 8.61 29.72 14.11
10 27.37 8.76 2.70 5.23 27.11 14.10
30 26.81 7.19 2.68 7.60 27.33 17.82
50 25.40 7.24 2.49 7.60 24.21 17.57
70 24.48 10.69 2.36 8.34 22.28 20.36
90 24.40 7.68 2.36 8.06 22.11 16.40

图1

DMAc/CaCl2体系改性前后TLCP纤维的表面形貌照片 注:图中(c)和(d)的3个坐标轴的单位均为μm。"

图2

DMAc/CaCl2体系改性前后TLCP纤维红外光谱图"

图3

DMAc/CaCl2体系改性前后TLCP纤维XRD图谱"

图4

DMAc/CaCl2体系改性前后TLCP纤维损耗因子曲线"

图5

DMAc/CaCl2体系改性前后TLCP纤维TG曲线"

图6

TLCP织物/聚氨酯复合材料的剥离强度"

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