锡/碳纳米纤维锂电负极材料形貌结构再造及其机制

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180706107

纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 7-13.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180706107

• 纤维材料 • 下一篇

锡/碳纳米纤维锂电负极材料形貌结构再造及其机制

赵金洋, 孙窈, 张鑫, 张悦悦, 赵浩阅, 夏鑫()

新疆大学纺织与服装学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046

收稿日期:2018-07-24 修回日期:2019-04-26 出版日期:2019-08-15 发布日期:2019-08-16
通讯作者: 夏鑫
作者简介:赵金洋(1996—),男。主要研究方向为静电纺丝及其应用。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51763022);新疆特色纺织材料开发及应用研究创新团队项目(201705151);大学生创新项目(201710755007);新疆大学四期教改项目(XJU2015JGY36)

Morphology and structure reconstruction and mechanism of Sn/C nanofibers anode for lithium battery

ZHAO Jinyang, SUN Yao, ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Yueyue, ZHAO Haoyue, XIA Xin()

College of Textiles and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China

Received:2018-07-24 Revised:2019-04-26 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-16
Contact: XIA Xin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为改善锡/碳(Sn/C)纳米纤维形貌结构并使其获得优异的锂电性能,采用醋酸锡为前驱体,聚丙烯腈为碳源,通过静电纺丝技术制备了Sn/C前驱体纳米纤维,并通过不同顺序的炭化工艺和深冷处理工艺对Sn/C前驱体纳米纤维进行形貌再造,制备了具有多孔结构与皮芯结构的Sn/C纳米纤维,最后通过形貌表征、比表面积以及晶型结构测试了纳米纤维的结构和性能。结果表明:Sn/C纳米纤维的多孔和特殊形貌的碳包覆结构,有效防止了Sn颗粒的团聚,缓解了充放电时电极材料的体积膨胀,同时减少了容量损失,增强了电极材料的导电性和结构稳定性;经过先深冷处理再炭化处理,具有多孔结构的Sn/C纳米纤维表现出最稳定的电化学性能,循环100圈后的质量比容量保持率高达93.9%。

关键词: 锡/碳纳米纤维, 深冷处理, 炭化处理, 多孔结构, 皮芯结构, 电化学性能

Abstract:

In order to improve the morphology and structure of Sn/C nanofibers and obtain excellent lithium electrical properties, Sn/C precursor nanofibers were prepared from polyacrylonitrile as the carbon source and Sn(CH₃COO)₂ as the precursor by electrospinning. Sn/C nanofibers with a porous and skin-core structure were prepared by different sequences of carbonization and a cryogenic treatment process. By means of morphology characterization, specific surface area analysis and crystal structure analysis, the structure and properties of the nanofibers were tested. The results show that the porous and the special carbon coated structure effectively prevents the agglomeration of the Sn particles, relieves the volume expansion to reduce the capacity loss, and increases the conductivity and the structural stability of the material. The Sn/C nanofibers with a porous structure obtained by cryogenic treatment before carbonization exhibit the most stable electrochemical performance, and the specific capacity retention after 100 cycles is as high as 93.9%.

Key words: Sn/C nanofiber, cryogenic treatment, carbonization, porous structure, skin-core structure, electrochemical property

中图分类号:

TS195

赵金洋, 孙窈, 张鑫, 张悦悦, 赵浩阅, 夏鑫. 锡/碳纳米纤维锂电负极材料形貌结构再造及其机制[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(8): 7-13.

ZHAO Jinyang, SUN Yao, ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Yueyue, ZHAO Haoyue, XIA Xin. Morphology and structure reconstruction and mechanism of Sn/C nanofibers anode for lithium battery[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(8): 7-13.

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锡/碳纳米纤维锂电负极材料形貌结构再造及其机制

Morphology and structure reconstruction and mechanism of Sn/C nanofibers anode for lithium battery

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