阻燃织物老化对其拉伸强力影响的研究进展

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200102509

纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 181-188.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200102509

阻燃织物老化对其拉伸强力影响的研究进展

刘晓涵¹, 田苗¹^,², 王云仪¹^,², 李俊¹^,²()

1.东华大学服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
2.东华大学现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室, 上海 200051

收稿日期:2020-01-19 修回日期:2020-07-31 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-11-26
通讯作者: 李俊
作者简介:刘晓涵(1995—),女,硕士。主要研究方向为服装舒适性与功能防护服装。
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232019G-08);上海市教育发展基金会、上海市教育委员会“晨光计划”项目(18CG76);上海市设计学Ⅳ类高峰学科资助项目(DA19202)

Research progress in effect of flame-retardant fabric aging on its tensile strength

LIU Xiaohan¹, TIAN Miao¹^,², WANG Yunyi¹^,², LI Jun¹^,²()

1. College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
2. Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China

Received:2020-01-19 Revised:2020-07-31 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-11-26
Contact: LI Jun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对阻燃织物老化造成的强力下降,致使消防服无法满足标准规定的力学性能要求等问题,基于老化条件下织物强力测试相关标准,从热老化、光老化、磨损3个方面探讨不同老化方式对阻燃织物拉伸强力的影响;归纳了阻燃织物老化后强力变化的直接和间接测评方法。研究发现:目前老化后阻燃织物的强力测试无法满足标准规定的样本尺寸、经纬向测试、重复实验次数等要求;现有老化条件下阻燃织物强力预测方法在研究多因素条件下织物强力变化时存在局限性。最后指出:未来可综合考虑多种老化因素的交互作用对阻燃织物力学性能的影响,探索更复杂的非线性模型或借鉴其他领域中的预测方法对阻燃织物老化后力学性能进行预测,以提高预测精度和适用范围。

关键词: 阻燃织物, 老化, 拉伸强力, 强力测评, 强力预测

Abstract:

In view of the strength drop caused by the aging of flame-retardant fabrics, which makes fire-fighting clothing unable to meet the mechanical performance requirements of the standard, based on the related standards of fabric strength testing under aging conditions, the effects of different aging methods were discussed from the three aspects of thermal aging, ultraviolet aging and abrasion. The influence of the tensile strength of flame-retardant fabrics, and the direct and indirect evaluation methods for the strength changes of flame-retardant fabrics after aging are summarized. It is found that the current strength test for flame-retardant fabrics after aging may have problems relating to the sample size, test for both warp and weft directions, and the number of repeated experiments specified in the standard. It is pointed out that the current method for predicting the strength of flame-retardant fabrics under aging conditions has limitations in studying the changes in fabric strength under multi-factor conditions. It is suggested that the interaction of multiple aging factors on the mechanical properties of flame-retardant fabrics should be comprehensively considered in the future, through exploration of more complex nonlinear models or learn from prediction methods in other fields to predict the mechanical properties of flame-retardant fabrics after aging to improve the prediction accuracy and scope of application.

Key words: flame-retardant fabric, aging, tensile strength, evaluation of tensile strength, prediction of tensile strength

中图分类号:

TS101.923

刘晓涵, 田苗, 王云仪, 李俊. 阻燃织物老化对其拉伸强力影响的研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(11): 181-188.

LIU Xiaohan, TIAN Miao, WANG Yunyi, LI Jun. Research progress in effect of flame-retardant fabric aging on its tensile strength[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(11): 181-188.

图/表 5

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标准编号	标准名称	适用范围	评价指标	老化类型
ISO 1419—2019	《橡胶或塑料涂层织物加速老化试验》	方法A:PVC涂层织物方法B:各类涂层织物方法C:各类涂层织物方法D:硝化纤维素类涂层织物	方法A:织物中挥发物质量损失方法B:相同指标老化前后对比方法C:相同指标老化前后对比方法D:外观变化、裂缝	人工加速老化
AATCC 111—2009	《纺织品的耐气候性:日光和气候暴晒》	汽车用织物、家庭用装饰织物、服用材料、感光材料、屋顶结构的织物	老化前后织物断裂强力、撕破强力、顶破强力、颜色变化	自然老化
AATCC 169—2009	《纺织品的耐气候性:氙弧灯暴晒》	各种纺织材料包括涂层织物及相关产品	剩余强力的百分率、剩余强力值、颜色变化	人工加速老化
AATCC 186—2015	《纺织品的耐气候性:紫外光和湿态暴晒》	各种纺织材料包括涂层织物及相关产品	强度损失百分比、剩余强度百分比(顶破强力、断裂强力)、颜色变化	人工加速老化
ASTM D5427—2019	《充气减震织物的加速老化实施标准》	充气减震织物	需结合其他标准共同使用	人工加速老化
FZ/T 01008—2008	《涂层织物耐热空气老化性的测定》	方法A:PVC涂层织物方法B:各类涂层织物方法C:各类涂层织物方法D:硝化纤维素类涂层织物	方法A:织物中挥发物质量损失方法B:相同指标老化前后对比方法C:相同指标老化前后对比方法D:外观变化、裂缝	人工加速老化
FZ/T 75002—2014	《涂层织物光加速老化试验方法氙弧法》	各种涂层织物	相同指标老化前后对比	人工加速老化

标准编号	标准名称	热源类型	实验仪器	重复实验次数	试样尺寸/mm
ISO 6942—2002	《防护服—防热和防火—试验方法:暴露于辐射热源时对材料和材料组件的评估》	辐射热	6个碳化硅(SiC) 加热棒	方法A:1(若被测材料不均匀需重复3次实验) 方法B:3(若被测材料不均匀需重复5次实验)	230×80
BS EN 367—1992	《防护服—防热和防火—试验方法:暴露于火焰下的热传递测定》	对流热	平顶Meker燃烧器	3	140×140
ISO 17492—2019	《防热防火防护服暴露于火焰和辐射热下的热传递测定》	50%辐射热 50%对流热	TPP测试仪	5	150×150
ISO 9151—2016	《防热防火防护服暴露于火焰下的热传递测定》	对流热	平顶Meker燃烧器	3	140×140

标准编号	标准名称	实验仪器	隔距/ mm	断裂伸长率/%	拉伸速率/ (mm·min^-1)	重复实验次数	试样尺寸/ mm	测试方向
ASTM D5034—2009	《纺织面料的断裂强度和伸长率抓样法》	CRE、CRL、 CRT型拉伸试验仪	75±1	—	300±10 (除有特殊说明)	经向:5 纬向:8	宽:100±1 长:至少150	经纬向
ASTM D5035—2011	《织物拉伸断裂强力及伸长率条样法》	等速伸长 (CRE) 试验仪	75±1	—	300±10 (除有特殊说明)	经向:5 纬向:8	宽:25 ± 1或50±1 长:至少150	经纬向
ISO 13934-1— 2013	《织物的拉伸性能第1部分:条样法》	等速伸长 (CRE) 试验仪	200	<8	20	5	宽:50 ± 0.5 长:200 ± 1	经纬向
			200	8~75	100
			100	>75	100
GB/T 3923.1— 2013	《纺织品织物拉伸性能第1部分断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定条样法》	等速伸长 (CRE) 试验仪	同标准ISO 13934-1—2013			5	宽:50 长:200 不包含毛边	经纬向

文献	年份	拉伸速率/ (mm·min^-1)	热老化实验样本尺寸/cm	拉伸强力实验样本尺寸/cm	实验仪器	测试方向	重复实验次数	参照标准编号	表征指标
[11]	2004	20	15.2× 10.2	15.2× 10.2	Instron 1100 强力机	—	1	ASTM D 5034—1995	拉伸强力值
[26]	2011	100	—	28.0× 5.0	Instron 3365强力机	经向/ 纬向	3	GB/T 3923.1—1997	拉伸强力值/ 保持率
[7]	2013	200	15.1× 10.2	—	Instron 1122 强力机	纬向	3	ASTM D 5034—1995	拉伸强力下降率
[15]	2015	50	—	20.0× 5.0	YG026D型多功能电子织物强力机	经向/ 纬向	3	GB/T 3923.1—1997	拉伸强力值/ 下降率
[13]	2017	50	22.9× 12.7	—	Instron 3365 强力机	经向	5	ASTM D 5035—2011	拉伸强力值/ 下降率
[12]	2017	60	15.0× 14.5	15.0× 2.5	Instron 5565 强力机	经向	5	ASTM D 5035—2011	拉伸强力值/ 保持率

阻燃织物老化对其拉伸强力影响的研究进展

Research progress in effect of flame-retardant fabric aging on its tensile strength

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