纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 27-33.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200202407

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚丙烯腈/氯化钴纳米纤维比色湿度传感器的制备及其性能

孙倩1, 阚燕1, 李晓强1,2(), 高德康2   

  1. 1.江南大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 江苏 无锡 214122
    2.波司登股份有限公司, 江苏 常熟 215532
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-13 修回日期:2020-08-08 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 李晓强
  • 作者简介:孙倩(1997—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能纤维。
  • 基金资助:
    国家博士后基金项目(2017M611696);江苏省博士后科学基金项目(1701012B)

Preparation and performance of colorimetric humidity sensor using polyacrylonitrile/CoCl2 nanofibers

SUN Qian1, KAN Yan1, LI Xiaoqiang1,2(), GAO Dekang2   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. Bosideng International Holding Co., Ltd., Changshu, Jiangsu 215532, China
  • Received:2020-02-13 Revised:2020-08-08 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-11-26
  • Contact: LI Xiaoqiang

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摘要：

为获得具有比色效果的纳米纤维湿度传感器,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和氯化钴(CoCl2)为原料,采用静电纺丝技术制备了PAN/CoCl2复合纳米纤维膜,并组装成纳米纤维比色湿度传感器。借助扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、能量色散X射线光谱仪对纳米纤维膜的微观结构和表面形态进行表征和分析,利用紫外-可见分光光度计分析纤维在不同湿度下以及不同有机溶剂饱和蒸汽氛围下的反射光谱,并采用电化学工作站测试传感器在不同湿度环境下的响应和恢复能力。结果表明:在相对湿度由11%增加至98%时,PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜可由蓝色变至粉色,且该颜色变化过程可逆,响应和恢复速度快;在11%~75%的相对湿度环境下,PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维比色湿度传感器的电流在12 s内可达1 023 nA左右;当相对湿度降至11%时,2 s内电流可从2 187 nA降至10 nA,具有快速的响应和恢复能力。

关键词: 比色湿度传感器, 纳米纤维, 氯化钴, 聚丙烯腈, 反射光谱

Abstract:

Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)/CoCl2 composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning for colorimetric detection of ambient humidity. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectrometer and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer were used to characterize and analyze the microstructure and surface morphology of the PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers. Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer was used to analyze the reflection spectra of the fiber under different humidity and saturated vapor atmosphere with different organic solvents, and the electrochemical workstation was used to test the response and recovery capacity of the sensor under different humidity environment. The results show that PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers are able to maintain their structural stability in strong acid and strong base solutions. The nanofibers change their color from blue to pink, when relative humidity changes from 11% to 98%. Furthermore, the color change process is reversible and the response and recovery speed is fast. Under the humidity environment of 11%-75%, electric current reaches 1 023 nA within 12 s. When the humidity is decreased to 11%, the electric current drops from 2 187 nA to 10 nA within 2 s, which has the ability of rapid response and recovery.

Key words: colorimetric humidity sensor, nanofiber, cobalt chloride, polyacrylonitrile, reflection spectrum

中图分类号: 

  • TS159

图1

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维比色湿度传感器的制备示意图"

图2

PAN纳米纤维膜和PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜的扫描电镜照片(×10 000)"

图3

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜的EDS图谱和元素分布图"

图4

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维在相对湿度为11%和98%下的红外光谱"

图5

CoCl2·6H2O在蒸馏水溶液和DMF溶液中的照片及其紫外-可见光吸收光谱"

图6

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜在不同相对湿度下的反射光谱"

图7

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜在不同相对湿度下的色度坐标"

图8

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜在11%和98%的相对湿度环境下的颜色变化"

图9

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜的RGB距离变化曲线"

表1

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜分别在VOCs和相对湿度为98%环境下的色度坐标"

环境条件 (x,y) 环境条件 (x,y)
乙酸 (0.285 0,0.323 4) 乙醇 (0.281 8,0.324 2)
丙酮 (0.285 7,0.325 1) 甲苯 (0.282 5,0.324 5)
苯 (0.287 0,0.324 9) 二甲基亚砜 (0.284 9,0.324 1)
三氯甲烷 (0.283 1,0.322 1) 甲醛 (0.285 5,0.324 6)
N,N-二甲基
甲酰胺		 (0.285 3,0.324 4) 相对湿度
为98%环境		 (0.318 6,0.333 2)

图10

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维膜分别在不同VOCs环境及相对湿度为98%环境下的颜色图片"

图11

PAN/CoCl2纳米纤维比色相对湿度传感器的动态响应和恢复曲线"

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