纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (04): 62-68.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200803907

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

导电聚苯胺/聚氨酯泡沫的制备及其压力传感性能

周歆如1, 周筱雅1, 马咏健1, 胡铖烨1, 赵晓曼1,2, 洪剑寒1,2, 韩潇1,2()   

  1. 1.绍兴文理学院 纺织服装学院, 浙江 绍兴 312000
    2.浙江省清洁染整技术研究重点实验室, 浙江 绍兴 312000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-07 修回日期:2021-01-14 出版日期:2021-04-15 发布日期:2021-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 韩潇
  • 作者简介:周歆如(1998—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能纺织品的开发与应用。
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910349029);浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGG20E030002);浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGJ21E030001);绍兴文理学院国际科技合作项目(2019LGGH1003)

Preparation and pressure sensitivity of conductive polyaniline/polyurethane foam

ZHOU Xinru1, ZHOU Xiaoya1, MA Yongjian1, HU Chengye1, ZHAO Xiaoman1,2, HONG Jianhan1,2, HAN Xiao1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Garment, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
  • Received:2020-08-07 Revised:2021-01-14 Online:2021-04-15 Published:2021-04-20
  • Contact: HAN Xiao

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摘要：

为制备具有良好回弹性能及传感性能的压敏材料,以高弹性多孔聚氨酯泡沫为基材,采用原位聚合法制备导电聚苯胺/聚氨酯泡沫,对其结构与性能进行研究,分析其在不同压缩应变作用下的压敏传感性能,并用于人体运动的监控。结果表明:聚氨酯泡沫表面及内部空隙中附着了聚苯胺,使其具有良好的导电性能,电阻率降至1.214×103 Ω·cm;与处理前的聚氨酯泡沫相比,导电聚苯胺/聚氨酯泡沫的弹性模量与最大载荷降低;由导电聚苯胺/聚氨酯泡沫制备的压敏传感器具有良好的传感性能,在30%和50%的压缩率下表现出良好的传感线性度、敏感度与重复性,但在80%压缩率下的传感性能有所下降,该压敏传感器具备人体运动行为监测的功能。

关键词: 聚氨酯泡沫, 原位聚合法, 聚苯胺, 压力传感器, 运动监控

Abstract:

In order to prepare pressure-sensitive materials with good resilience and sensing properties, a conductive polyaniline/polyurethane foam was prepared by in-situ polymerization using high elastic porous polyurethane foam as substrate. The structure and properties of conductive polyaniline/polyurethane foam were studied. The pressure sensitivity of the conductive polyaniline/polyurethane foam under different compressive strains were analyzed and used for monitoring human motion. The results show that polyaniline is attached to the surface and internal gap of the polyurethane foam, demonstrating good electrical conductivity, and the resistivity decreased to 1.214×103 Ω·cm. Compared with the polyurethane foam before treatment, the elastic modulus and maximum load of the conductive polyaniline/polyurethane foam are reduced. The pressure sensor prepared from the conductive polyaniline/polyurethane foam has good sensing performance. It exhibits good linearity, sensitivity and repeatability at 30% and 50% compression rate, but the sensing performance at 80% compression rate decreases. Jogging monitoring shows that the pressure sensor is able to monitor human movement.

Key words: polyurethane foam, in-situ polymerization, polyaniline, pressure sensor, movement monitoring

中图分类号: 

  • TQ317

图1

PUF 和PANI/PUF的外观形貌"

图2

PANI/PUF的电阻测试方法"

图3

改装后力学性能测试夹具示意图"

图4

压敏传感测试系统"

图5

PANI/PUF压敏传感器及其人体运动监测示意图"

图6

导电处理前后PUF的表面形貌(×700)"

图7

PUF 和PANI/PUF的力学曲线"

图8

PUF 和PANI/PUF在不同循环次数下的压缩量和最大载荷"

图9

不同压缩率下PANI/PUF的电阻变化情况"

图10

PANI/PUF在松弛状态和压缩状态下的结构模型"

表1

线性拟合方程"

压缩率/% 拟合方程 相关系数r
30 y=-0.684 1x + 1.031 9 0.981
50 y=-0.351 7x + 3.225 9 0.941
80 y=-0.323x + 4.697 3 0.802

图11

不同压缩率下PANI/PUF的电阻变化"

图12

慢跑时传感器的电阻变化情况"

表2

慢跑时间间隔"

步数间隔 起始时间/s 结束时间/s 持续时间/s
8~10 4.76 5.96 1.20
10~12 5.96 7.08 1.12
12~14 7.08 8.16 1.08
14~16 8.16 9.34 1.18
16~18 9.34 10.44 1.10
18~20 10.44 11.60 1.16
20~22 11.60 12.76 1.16
22~24 12.76 13.86 1.10
24~26 13.86 14.86 1.00
26~28 14.86 16.18 1.32
平均值 1.142
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