纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (03): 71-76.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200805206

所属专题： 纳米纤维制备及应用

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

SiO2原位掺杂聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维膜的制备及其性能

成悦1, 安琪1, 李大伟1,2, 付译鋆1,2(), 张伟1,2, 张瑜1,2   

  1. 1.南通大学 纺织服装学院, 江苏 南通 226019
    2.南通大学 安全防护用特种纤维复合材料研发国家地方联合工程研究中心, 江苏 南通 226019
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-10 修回日期:2020-12-15 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 付译鋆
  • 作者简介:成悦(1997—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能非织造材料设计开发。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51803078);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20190927);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010304028Z);江苏省博士后资助项目(2019Z104)

Preparation of SiO2 in-situ doped polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane and its properties

CHENG Yue1, AN Qi1, LI Dawei1,2, FU Yijun1,2(), ZHANG Wei1,2, ZHANG Yu1,2   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
    2. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
  • Received:2020-08-10 Revised:2020-12-15 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-17
  • Contact: FU Yijun

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摘要：

为提高聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)的压电性能,以PVDF和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和丙酮为混合溶剂,利用原位复合溶胶-凝胶法和高压静电纺丝技术制备纳米SiO2原位掺杂PVDF复合纳米纤维膜,并分析纳米纤维膜的表面微观形貌、化学结构、力学性能以及压电性能等。结果表明:复合纳米纤维膜的面密度与厚度随TEOS质量的增加而增加;静电纺丝使PVDF中部分α相转变为β相,纯PVDF纳米纤维膜的β相含量是PVDF粉末的1.54倍,为(31.42±0.62)%;且原位掺杂SiO2后β相含量进一步提高,拉伸强力与输出电压均呈先增大后降低的趋势,当TEOS质量为1.643 g时PVDF纳米纤维膜β相含量最高为(42.59±0.62)%,原位掺杂PVDF纳米纤维膜拉伸强力最大为(8.03±0.19) N,输出电压最高为(2.33±0.13) V。

关键词: 原位复合, 溶胶-凝胶, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维膜, 压电性能, 聚偏氟乙烯, 有机压电材料

Abstract:

To improve the piezoelectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), silicon dioxide (SiO2) in-situ doped PVDF composite nano fiber membranes were prepared via the sol-gel method and high-voltage electrospinning technology with PVDF and ethylsilicate (TEOS) as raw materials, N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and acetone as mixed solvent. Surface micromorphology, chemical composition, mechanical and piezoelectric properties of the nanofiber membranes were compared and analyzed. Results show that the mass and thickness of composite nanofiber membranes ascended with the increase of TEOS. Electrospinning converted part of the α phase in PVDF to β phase, and the β phase content of pure PVDF nanofiber membrane was (31.42±0.62)%, which was 1.54 times higher than PVDF powder. Moreover, the content of β phase was further improved by in-situ doping of nano-SiO2, and peak value of (42.59±0.62)% was achieved when the mass of TEOS was 1.643 g. With the increase of nano-SiO2, both tensile force and output voltage of composite nanofiber membranes demonstrated an increase-decrease trend. In addition, when the mass of TEOS was 1.643 g, SiO2 in-situ doped PVDF nanofiber membrane exhibited the highest tensile strength and output voltage, which were (8.03±0.19) N, and (2.33±0.13) V, respectively.

Key words: in-situ composite, sol-gel, electrospinning, nanofiber membrane, piezoelectric property, polyvinylidene fluoride, organic piezoelectric material

中图分类号: 

  • TS102.6

表1

实验方案设计"

试样编号 质量/g
TEOS PVDF DMF 丙酮
1# 0.000 1.110 6 4
2# 0.400 1.126 6 4
3# 0.802 1.136 6 4
4# 1.219 1.149 6 4
5# 1.643 1.163 6 4
6# 2.078 1.176 6 4

图1

不同纳米纤维膜的扫描电镜照片(×10 000)"

表2

不同纳米纤维膜的面密度与厚度"

试样编号 面密度/(g·m-2) 厚度/mm
1# 0.030 8±0.005 1 0.181 0±0.175 0
2# 0.033 0±0.005 2 0.184 7±0.022 0
3# 0.040 4±0.006 8 0.244 3±0.016 3
4# 0.048 7±0.007 6 0.285 0±0.006 0
5# 0.049 1±0.004 7 0.291 2±0.005 4
6# 0.069 1±0.002 0 0.311 8±0.014 4

图2

PVDF粉末及不同纳米纤维膜的红外光谱图"

图3

PVDF粉末和不同纳米纤维膜的β相含量"

图4

不同纳米纤维膜的拉伸强力"

图5

不同纳米纤维膜的输出电压"

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