纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 57-62.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200902306

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

锂离子电池液态GaSn自修复负极材料的制备及其电化学性能

陈玉1,2, 夏鑫1,2,3()   

  1. 1. 新疆大学 纺织与服装学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046
    2. 新疆大学 化工学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046
    3. 东华大学 纺织面料技术教育部重点实验室, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-09 修回日期:2021-03-16 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 夏鑫
  • 作者简介:陈玉(1994—),女,博士生。主要研究方向为功能性纺织材料的开发。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51763022);新疆自治区研究生教育教学改革项目(XJ2019GY10);自治区高校科研青年计划项目(XJEDU2018Y006)

Preparation and electrochemical properties of liquid GaSn self-repairing anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

CHEN Yu1,2, XIA Xin1,2,3()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
    2. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2020-09-09 Revised:2021-03-16 Published:2021-06-15 Online:2021-06-25
  • Contact: XIA Xin

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摘要：

为解决目前锂离子电池负极材料固有的体积膨胀问题,使用室温下呈液态的镓锡(GaSn)合金作为锂离子电池负极材料,通过静电纺丝法将液态GaSn合金束缚在纳米纤维内部以及纳米纤维的网络状结构中间,并组装成锂离子电池,对其结构和性能进行表征与分析。结果表明:液态GaSn合金可均匀地分散在碳纳米纤维中,同时GaSn合金由于超声空化作用形成液态小液滴,在循环过程中由于流动性和高表面张力逐渐聚集成大液滴而被固定在纳米纤维网络结构中间,有利于电极材料自愈性更好发挥,可有效修复电池在循环过程中所产生的裂纹;100圈充放电循环测试后,电池的容量保持率达94.8%。

关键词: 液态合金, 自修复, 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 电化学性能, 静电纺丝

Abstract:

In order to solve the inherent volume expansion problem of current lithium-ion battery anode materials, gallium tin (GaSn) alloy that was liquid at room temperature was used as the lithium-ion battery anode material. The liquid GaSn alloy was bound inside the nanofibers and the network structure of nanofibers by electrospinning, and then assembled into lithium-ion batteries. The structure and performance of the batteries were characterized and analyzed. The results show that the liquid GaSn alloy can be evenly dispersed in the carbon nanofibers, and at the same time, the GaSn alloy forms small liquid droplets due to ultrasonic cavitation, which are gradually fixed into large droplets due to fluidity and high surface tension during the cycle. It is conducive to better display of the self-healing properties of the electrode material, and it can effectively repair the cracks generated during the battery cycle. After 100 cycles of charging and discharging test, the capacity retention rate of the battery reaches 94.8%.

Key words: liquid alloy, self-repair, lithium-ion battery, anode material, electrochemical property, electrospinning

中图分类号: 

  • TB34

图1

液态GaSn微粒分散液制备过程"

图2

超声处理前后液态GaSn合金外观变化的实物图"

图3

液态GaSn微粒分散液的显微镜照片"

图4

GaSn/C纳米纤维前驱体膜的超景深三维系统照片"

图5

GaSn/C纳米纤维膜的透射电镜及扫描电镜照片"

图6

GaSn/C纳米纤维膜TG-DTA分析图"

图7

GaSn/C电池的电化学性能曲线"

图8

液态合金在循环过程中状态变化示意图"

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