基于自由转子的纱线扭矩的检测方法

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200907006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纺织用纱线在加捻过程中会使其内部存在一个较强的扭矩,为对纱线的扭矩进行准确的测量使其匹配准确的蒸纱定形标准,减小因纱线内部残存扭矩造成织物纬斜概率,提出了以自由转子为核心的纱线扭矩的检测方法。首先与纱线末端相连的自由转子在电磁阻尼的作用下由静止开始平稳转动,光电传感器对其转动状态进行扫描并将捕捉到的光电信号传输至计算机得到转子转过的角度与时间的数据关系,然后在Origin中对其进行二次求导拟合出角加速度与时间的关系曲线。由曲线可准确得到转子的初始角加速度,通过初始角加速度和测试所用转子转动惯量的乘积即可快速高效得到测试纱线的扭矩。实验结果表明:该方法能够准确测出各类纱线的扭矩,数据误差较小,不仅在如今的纺织业生产检测中具有广阔的应用前景,而且为纱线扭矩领域的研究提供了一种新的思路。

关键词: 纱线, 扭矩, 自由转子, 光电传感器, 角加速度, 转动惯量

Abstract:

In order to measure accurately the torque of the yarn to match the yarn steaming standard, and to reduce the probability of skewed weft in fabrics due to the residual torque of the yarn, a method was proposed to detect the torque of yarn with the use of a free rotor as the core. Firstly, the free rotor was connected to the end of the yarn before starting to rotate smoothly under the action of electromagnetic damping. The photoelectric sensor was placed to scan the rotating status and to transmit the captured photoelectric signal to the computer, for studying the relationship between the rotor's rotation angle and time to obtain the angular acceleration versus time curve by means of the second order of differentiation using Origin. Upon the availability of the initial angular acceleration of the rotor from the curve, and the torque of the test yarn can be quickly and efficiently obtained by multiplying the initial angular acceleration and the rotor's rotational inertia. The experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the torque of various yarns with small relative error, which not only has a broad application prospect in today's textile production testing, but also provides a new way of thinking in the field of yarn torque research.

Key words: yarn, torque, free rotor, photoelectric sensor, angular acceleration, rotational inertia

中图分类号:

TS103

洪焱, 沈小林, 田野, 吴三宝, 杨进. 基于自由转子的纱线扭矩的检测方法[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(10): 61-66.

HONG Yan, SHEN Xiaolin, TIAN Ye, WU Sanbao, YANG Jin. Measurement method of yarn torque using a free rotor[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(10): 61-66.

图/表 9

图1

图2

表1

图3

表2

不同长度纱线的测试数据"

纱线长度/ cm	转子角加速度平均值/(rad· $s - 2$ )	变异系数/%	纱线的扭矩/10^-6(N·m)
8	2.30	0.82	1.52
10	2.26	0.79	1.49
12	2.28	0.62	1.51
14	2.27	1.04	1.50
16	2.31	0.91	1.53
18	2.26	1.01	1.49
20	2.27	0.92	1.50
22	2.28	1.24	1.51

表2

图4

表3

不同捻度纱线的测试数据"

纱线捻度/ (捻·m^-2)	转子角加速度平均值/(rad· $s - 2$ )	变异系数/%	纱线的扭矩/ 10^-7(N·m)
530	0.73	1.94	4.83
563	0.82	1.09	5.42
597	0.89	1.59	5.88
630	1.40	1.01	9.25
663	1.85	1.60	12.2
697	2.03	0.82	15.2
730	2.62	1.08	17.3
763	3.09	1.02	20.4
797	3.43	0.86	22.7

表3

图5

表4

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纱线类别	捻度/(捻·m^-1)	线密度/tex	直径/mm
白色纱线	800	47.1	0.254
蓝色纱线	630	29.2	0.198
粉红色纱线	630	29.2	0.195
紫色纱线	630	29.2	0.201
深红色纱线	840	19.4	0.163
绿色纱线	840	19.4	0.165
棕色纱线	840	19.4	0.159

纱线类型	转子角加速度平均值/(rad·s^-2)	变异系数/%	纱线的扭矩/10^-7(N·m)
29.2 tex粉红色纱线	1.34	1.70	8.86
29.2 tex蓝色纱线	1.40	1.35	9.25
29.2 tex紫色纱线	1.29	1.10	8.53
19.4 tex绿色纱线	1.09	0.82	7.20
19.4 tex棕色纱线	1.36	1.04	8.99
19.4 tex深红色纱线	1.20	1.39	7.93