纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 115-122.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200907608

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

棉织物的活性染料低含水率焙蒸固色工艺

陈小文1,2, 吴伟1,2, 钟毅1,2,3, 徐红1,2,3, 毛志平1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.东华大学 生态纺织教育部重点实验室, 上海 201620
    2.东华大学 化学化工与生物工程学院, 上海 201620
    3.东华大学 纺织科技创新中心, 上海 201620
    4.上海安诺其集团股份有限公司, 上海 201799
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-29 修回日期:2021-01-14 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 毛志平
  • 作者简介:陈小文(1996—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织品清洁染整技术。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309700)

Low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation process for cotton fabrics padded with reactive dyes

CHEN Xiaowen1,2, WU Wei1,2, ZHONG Yi1,2,3, XU Hong1,2,3, MAO Zhiping1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    3. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    4. Shanghai ANOKY Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201799, China
  • Received:2020-09-29 Revised:2021-01-14 Published:2021-07-15 Online:2021-07-22
  • Contact: MAO Zhiping

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摘要：

针对棉织物传统轧烘轧蒸染色工艺存在的能耗高、活性染料易水解、废水含盐量高和排放量大等问题,提出了利用密封装置固色的棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色工艺。通过测定密封装置中织物表面温度的变化曲线,探讨含水率对织物升温以及织物染色性能的影响,研究棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色理论。探究焙蒸温度、焙蒸时间、代用碱和Na2SO4质量浓度对棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色的影响,并且对低含水率焙蒸固色工艺与轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的染色效果进行了比较。结果表明:染料用量相同时,经低含水率焙蒸固色工艺染色织物的K/S值均比经轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的K/S值高,采用这2种工艺染色的织物耐摩擦色牢度相差较小,这为提升棉织物轧染工艺的染色性能提供了新方法。

关键词: 低含水率, 焙蒸固色, 活性染料, 棉织物, 代用碱, 轧烘轧蒸

Abstract:

To solve the problems of high energy consumption, hydrolysis of reactive dyes, high salinity and high discharge of wastewater in the conventional pad-dry-pad-steam process of cotton fabrics, a low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation process for cotton fabrics was proposed using a sealed device. The changes of the fabric surface temperature in the sealing device were investigated,and the effects of moisture content on fabric heating and dyeing performance were discussed for theoretical analysis of low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation for cotton fabrics. To determine the optimal technique, the effects of cotton fabrics baking and steaming temperature and time, and concentrations of substitute alkali and Na2SO4 were explored. Compared with the pad-dry-pad-steam process, the K/S value of the fabric dyed by low-moisture content baking and steaming color fixation process demonstrated an improvement. However, the rubbing fastness of cotton fabrics by the two processes was similar. Incorporating the sealing device in the pad-dye process offers a new method for improving reactive dye properties of cotton fabrics.

Key words: low-moisture content, baking and steaming color fixation, reactive dye, cotton fabric, substitute alkali, pad-dry-pad-steam

中图分类号: 

  • TS193.5

图1

密封装置示意图 注:Ⅰ为织物;Ⅱ为硅胶板;Ⅲ为钢板。"

图2

密封装置中棉织物的温度变化曲线"

图3

不同含水率棉织物在密封装置中的温度变化曲线"

图4

含水率对染色织物K/S值和染料固色率的影响 "

图5

温度对染色织物K/S值和染料固色率的影响 "

图6

时间对染色织物K/S值和染料固色率的影响 "

图7

代用碱质量浓度对染色织物K/S值和染料固色率的影响 "

图8

Na2SO4质量浓度对染色织物K/S值和染料固色率的影响 "

表1

经不同工艺染色织物的K/S值 "

染料质量浓度/
(g·L-1) 		活性红243染色织物K/S值 活性红198染色织物K/S值 活性红278染色织物K/S值
焙蒸固色
(代用碱) 		焙蒸固色
(混合碱) 		轧烘轧蒸 焙蒸固色
(代用碱) 		焙蒸固色
(混合碱) 		轧烘轧蒸 焙蒸固色
(代用碱) 		焙蒸固色
(混合碱) 		轧烘轧蒸
5 5.82 6.01 3.32 9.44 4.91 2.82 8.75 8.36 6.01
10 9.88 8.68 6.65 14.06 8.75 6.53 13.80 13.06 10.77
20 11.95 11.85 11.49 18.02 15.06 11.98 17.32 16.39 14.59
30 14.43 13.89 12.95 20.38 18.19 14.49 19.81 18.82 16.98
40 15.65 15.27 14.01 21.59 20.41 16.59 20.54 20.07 18.17
50 16.95 16.08 15.94 21.86 21.76 18.03 21.67 20.93 19.31
60 17.90 17.70 16.16 22.19 21.96 18.82 22.21 21.24 20.24

表2

经不同工艺染色织物的耐摩擦色牢度"

染色
工艺 		染料质量浓度/
(g·L-1) 		耐干摩擦色牢度/级 耐湿摩擦色牢度/级
红243 红198 红278 红243 红198 红278
焙蒸固色
(代用碱) 		10 4~5 5 5 4 4~5 4~5
30 4~5 5 4~5 3 4 4
50 4 4~5 3~4 3 3~4 3~4
焙蒸固色
(混合碱) 		10 5 5 5 4 4~5 4~5
30 5 5 4~5 4 4 3~4
50 5 5 3~4 3~4 3~4 3
轧烘轧蒸 10 5 5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5
30 5 5 4 4 4 3~4
50 4~5 5 4 3~4 3~4 3~4
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