少/无氨氮助剂在活性染料深色印花中的应用

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20201101409

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研制具有高得色性能的活性染料深色印花专用少/无氨氮助剂,比较了不同印花助剂的吸湿性、对棉纤维的溶胀性和对活性染料的促溶性,并探讨了助剂结构与上述性能之间的内在关联。优选具有优良性能的助剂进行复配,用于棉织物活性深色印花。结果表明:各种助剂中,丙三醇具有最佳的吸湿性,1,4-丁二醇对棉纤维的膨化最强,酰胺类助剂对活性翠蓝K-GL的促溶最好;当丙三醇和1,4-丁二醇的质量比为2∶8时,无氨氮复配助剂在棉织物活性翠蓝深色印花上的得色性能远高于市售尿素替代剂391-H,略高于尿素水平,且在活性红、橙、蓝和黑染料印花中均具有良好的印制性能,能够有效降低印花废水中的氨氮含量。

关键词: 活性染料, 印花, 尿素替代剂, 印花助剂, 棉织物, 氨氮

Abstract:

In order to develop the low/non-ammonia additives with high color performances in reactive deep printing, this research started by comparing the hygroscopicity, ability to swell, and ability to solubilize reactive dyes of different printing additives, and the internal relationships between the structures of additives and the above properties were explored. The additives with the above-mentioned properties were compounded for reactive deep printing on cotton fabrics. The results showed that among different types of additives, glycerol demonstrated the best hygroscopicity, 1,4-butanediol showed the best swellability to cotton fiber, and the amides exhibited the best solubility to Reactive Turquoise K-GL. When the mass ratio of glycerol and 1,4-butanediol was 2∶8, the color performances of the non-ammonia nitrogen compound on the reactive turquoise deep printing of cotton fabrics were much higher than those of the commercial alternative 391-H and slightly higher than using urea as additive. Good printing performances with reactive red, orange, blue and black dyes were achieved, enabling the reduction of the ammonia-nitrogen content in the printing wastewater.

Key words: reactive dyes, printing, urea substitute, printing additive, cotton fabric, ammonia-nitrogen

中图分类号:

TS194.4

鲜永芳, 王红梅, 吴明华, 王莉莉. 少/无氨氮助剂在活性染料深色印花中的应用[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(11): 89-96.

XIAN Yongfang, WANG Hongmei, WU Minghua, WANG Lili. Application of low/non-ammonia additives in reactive deep printing[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(11): 89-96.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

表1

不同种类印花助剂对棉纤维的膨化性能"

助剂	相对分子质量	$D ¯ 2$ /μm	CV₂值/%	S/%
1,2-丙二醇	76.09	20.19	1.586	31.69
1,4-丁二醇	90.12	21.61	2.560	40.98
三乙二醇	150.17	19.14	1.256	24.86
丙三醇	92.09	20.03	4.402	30.65
木糖醇	152.16	20.02	3.587	30.57
尿素	60.06	20.63	3.868	34.59
乙酰胺	59.07	19.70	2.239	28.53
己内酰胺	113.16	19.90	3.398	29.78
3-氨基丙醇	75.11	20.29	1.676	32.34
PEG-200	200.00	20.94	3.328	36.59

表1

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表2

图9

表3

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活性染料	印花助剂	K/S值	渗透率/%	色泽不匀度/%
艳红K-2BP	尿素	22.2	38.0	0.9
艳红K-2BP	GB28	21.2	47.6	2.9
橙K-7R	尿素	21.8	44.8	0.6
橙K-7R	GB28	20.3	33.6	1.6
艳蓝P-3R	尿素	11.7	45.5	3.2
艳蓝P-3R	GB28	9.7	56.2	2.9
黑WNN	尿素	21.6	45.1	1.1
黑WNN	GB28	21.7	37.0	0.7

活性染料	印花助剂	耐摩擦色牢度		耐皂洗色牢度
活性染料	印花助剂	干	湿	沾色	变色
艳红K-2BP	尿素	5	5	5	5
艳红K-2BP	GB28	5	5	4~5	5
橙K-7R	尿素	5	5	4~5	4~5
橙K-7R	GB28	4~5	4~5	4	4~5
艳蓝P-3R	尿素	4~5	4~5	4~5	4~5
艳蓝P-3R	GB28	4~5	4~5	4~5	4~5
黑WNN	尿素	5	5	5	5
黑WNN	GB28	5	5	4~5	5