纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (05): 178-184.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201203207

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静电纺丝和炭化法制备纳米纤维素储能材料研究进展

李琴1, 李兴兴1, 解芳芳2, 周文龙3, 陈恺宜1, 刘宇清1()   

  1. 1.苏州大学 纺织与服装工程学院, 江苏 苏州 215123
    2.赛得利(九江)纤维有限公司,江西 九江 332500
    3.江苏恒科新材料有限公司, 江苏 南通 226368
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-14 修回日期:2022-01-26 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 刘宇清
  • 作者简介:李琴(1997—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为生物质智能纤维材料。

Research progress in nanocellulose energy storage materials based on electrospinning and carbonization methods

LI Qin1, LI Xingxing1, XIE Fangfang2, ZHOU Wenlong3, CHEN Kaiyi1, LIU Yuqing1()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
    2. Sateri(JiuJiang) Fibre Co., Ltd., Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332500, China
    3. Jiangsu Hengke Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Nantong, Jiangsu 226368, China
  • Received:2020-12-14 Revised:2022-01-26 Published:2022-05-15 Online:2022-05-30
  • Contact: LIU Yuqing

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摘要：

为促进纳米纤维素材料在储能领域的应用,综述了以其为原料,采用静电纺丝和炭化技术以及2种方法结合制备用于电池和超级电容器等电极材料和隔膜材料的工艺。通过分析发现:静电纺纳米纤维素材料具有电化学性能优异、柔性较好等优点,可用作增强材料与导电材料复合使用;炭化处理纳米纤维素材料具有独特微孔结构,比表面积大等特点,其存在的形态主要有气凝胶、纳米纤维膜及薄膜等;重点分析了2种方法叠加制备纳米纤维素材料在储能领域应用中存在的问题;提出构建环保、形态结构多样的天然基材储能器件是未来的发展方向,指出静电纺丝和炭化制备纳米纤维素材料在柔性储能器件和小巧型移动端储能设备中具有较好应用前景。

关键词: 纳米纤维素, 静电纺丝, 炭化处理, 储能器件, 柔性材料

Abstract:

In order to promote the application of nanocellulose materials for energy storage, the preparation of electrode materials and separator materials for batteries and supercapacitors was reviewed with concentrations on carbonization and electrospinning technology and the combination of the two methods. It was found that electrospun nanocellulose has the advantages of excellent electrochemical properties and good flexibility, which can be used as composite reinforcement and conductive materials. Carbonization treatment of nanofibers has unique microporous structure and large specific surface area, whose main forms are aerogels, fibrous membranes and thin films. After analyzing the existing problems using nanocellulose materials prepared by electrospinning and carbonization technology, the paper pointed out that the construction of environmentally friendly natural substrate energy storage devices with various forms and structures is one of the future development directions. It is summarized that the preparation of nano cellulose materials by electrospinning and carbonization has a good application prospect in flexible energy storage devices and compact mobile end energy storage equipment.

Key words: nanocellulose, electrospinning, carbonization, energy storage device, flexible material

中图分类号: 

  • TQ352.79

图1

静电纺丝示意图"

图2

纤维素炭化过程"

表1

炭化处理纳米纤维素材料储能应用"

材料 形态 应用 参考文献
纳米纤丝化纤维素 气凝胶 锂离子电池负极材料 [15-16]
石墨烯氧化物/纤维素纳米纤维 纳米纤维膜 钠离子电池负极材料 [17]
纤维素原纤维/活性炭 纳米纤维膜 超级电容器用活性炭 [18]
钛酸锂/纤维素纳米纤维/碳纳米管 纤维素基杂化薄膜 纸负极、锂离子电池轻质集电器 [19]
细菌纤维素/尿素 氮掺杂的纳米纤维 钾离子电池负极材料 [31]

图3

静电纺丝炭化纤维素纳米纤维"

图4

超级电容器结构"

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