纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (09): 203-210.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210104508

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料增韧改性研究进展

徐铭涛, 嵇宇, 仲越, 张岩, 王萍, 眭建华, 李媛媛()   

  1. 苏州大学 纺织与服装工程学院, 江苏 苏州 215006
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-20 修回日期:2022-05-31 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
  • 通讯作者: 李媛媛
  • 作者简介:徐铭涛(1998—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为复合材料增韧改性。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(11802192);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20180244);南通市科技项目(JC2019012)

Review on toughening modification of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites

XU Mingtao, JI Yu, ZHONG Yue, ZHANG Yan, WANG Ping, SUI Jianhua, LI Yuanyuan()   

  1. College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
  • Received:2021-01-20 Revised:2022-05-31 Published:2022-09-15 Online:2022-09-26
  • Contact: LI Yuanyuan

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摘要：

为改善碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料的脆性断裂问题,常通过树脂增韧和纤维改性等方式实现。本文从树脂改性、界面改性及结构设计3个方面综述了碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的研究进展。其中树脂改性主要有纳米材料改性、橡胶弹性体改性及热塑性树脂改性增韧等方式,通过增加填充粒子与树脂基体间键合来提高环氧树脂的韧性;界面改性主要是碳纤维表面改性,通过增加碳纤维表面活性官能团或多尺度进行表面改性,增强碳纤维和环氧树脂之间的界面结合性能,达到复合材料增韧的效果;复合材料结构设计主要是设计纤维铺层角度、厚度、结构,通过结构优化来增强复合材料的韧性。最后分析了3种改性方式存在的问题,并指出3种方式结合使用是未来复合材料改性的研究方向。

关键词: 碳纤维/环氧树脂基复合材料, 树脂增韧, 界面改性, 增韧机制, 结构设计

Abstract:

The brittle fracture of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites can be improved by resin toughening and fiber modification. This paper reviewed the research progress of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites from three aspects: resin modification, interface modification and structure design. The toughness of epoxy resin was improved by increasing the bonding between filled particles and resin by modifying nano materials, rubber elastomer and thermoplastic resin. The interfacial modification was mainly the surface modification of carbon fiber. By increasing the surface active functional groups of carbon fiber or enhancing the surface modification at multiple scales, the interfacial bond between carbon fiber and epoxy resin is enhanced to toughen the composites. The structural design of composite materials was focused on the design of the fiber laying angle, thickness and structure, in order to enhance the toughness of composite materials through structural optimization. Finally, the problems of the three modification methods were analyzed, and the future research directions of composite modification were pointed out based on the combination of the three modification methods.

Key words: carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite, resin toughening, surface modification, toughening mechanism, structural design

中图分类号: 

  • TS195.6

图1

功能化二氧化硅纳米粒子的分子模型"

表1

环氧树脂改性的部分研究结果"

填料 提升百分率/% 参考
文献
拉伸强度 弹性模量 冲击强度 断裂韧性
CTBN 440 [31]
CTBN 56.0 [32]
CTBN 2.7 5.5 20.9 [33]
ATBN 64 [35]
HTBN 28.5 [36]
VTBN 283 [37]
PBAE 100 [38]
聚砜型聚合物 111 [39]
聚醚醚酮聚合物 103 [40]
PSF/GO 8.8 2.3 90 [41]
四氨基甲酸酯 196.0 227 [42]

表2

碳纤维表面改性的部分研究结果"

改性方法 提升百分率/% 参考
文献
层间剪切强度 拉伸强度 断裂韧性
电聚合 135.0 [45]
电聚合 31.2 64.0 [46]
E-GO接枝 97.7 [47]
多壁碳纳米管接枝 106.5 33.0 [48]
CNTs接枝 86.8 [49]

图2

改性前后碳纤维表面扫描电镜照片"

图3

不同铺层方向复合材料断裂面的扫描电镜照片"

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