静电纺短纤维的制备及其生物医学应用

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210106008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

传统静电纺纳米纤维常作为组织工程支架被用于修复缺损部位,往往必须借助外科手术有创植入,极大限制了其在生物医学领域中的应用。为促进静电纺丝技术的开发和应用,综述了静电纺短纤维的制备及其功能化的方法,分类介绍了功能化短纤维在诊断检测、治疗和组织工程这3个方面的生物医学应用;系统分析通过调节工艺参数、后续加工等方式保留静电纺纳米纤维膜的内在功能,以及基于其小尺寸和单分散性,避免纤维膜植入所造成的机体侵入创伤;最后,结合静电纺短纤维当前发展情形分析了其在生物医学领域应用中所面临的挑战和未来的发展前景。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维, 功能化短纤维, 诊断检测, 肿瘤治疗, 组织工程

Abstract:

Traditional electrospun nanofibers are often used as tissue engineering scaffolds to repair defects, which often need invasive implantation by surgery, greatly limiting their applications in biomedical fields. In order to promote the development and applications of electrospinning technology, this paper reviewed the preparation and functionalization methods of electrospun short fibers, the biomedical applications of functional short fiber in diagnosis and therapy, and tissue engineering. Electrospun short fibers have received great attention and can be prepared by adjusting process parameters and subsequent processing. Electrospun short fibers retain their intrinsic functions of electrospun nanofiber membranes, they can avoid the invasion and trauma caused by the implantation of fiber membranes because of their small size and monodispersity. The challenges and future development prospects of electrospun short fibers in biomedical fields were also analyzed.

Key words: electrospinning, nanofiber, functional short fiber, diagnostic testing, tumor therapy, tissue engineering

中图分类号:

TS101

张蓓蕾, 沈明武, 史向阳. 静电纺短纤维的制备及其生物医学应用[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(05): 1-8.

ZHANG Beilei, SHEN Mingwu, SHI Xiangyang. Preparation and biomedical applications of electrospun short fibers[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(05): 1-8.

图/表 2

表1

图1

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基底聚合物纤维	制备方法	功能物质	功能化方法	功能	参考文献
PLGA	冷冻切片	SPION	物理掺杂	磁响应,指导细胞行为	[24]
PAN	均质处理	Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒、GO	物理掺杂	提高生物安全性,指导细胞行为	[26]
BG	超声破碎	Sr(NO₃)₂、CuCl₂	物理掺杂	促进新骨和血管生成	[11]
PELA	冷冻切片	HCPT	物理掺杂	抗肿瘤(化疗)	[27]
CDM/PELA	冷冻切片	PM_CPT	物理掺杂	抗肿瘤(靶向识别和还原刺激响应)	[28]
PLA-cdm	冷冻切片	PM_CPT	化学键合	抗肿瘤(靶向识别和还原刺激响应)	[29]
PLLA	冷冻切片	GDNF	化学键合	促进细胞存活和轴突生长	[30]
PEI/PVA	均质处理	Fe₃O₄@PEI、 DNA适配体	综合改性	捕获和分离CTCs	[31]
PCL/gelatin	冷冻切片、超声破碎	GelMA、BMP-2、QK	综合改性	促进新骨和血管生成	[25]