纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (04): 20-27.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210307608

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

超声波处理对兔毛角蛋白组成与结构的影响

王晓清1,2, 史志铭2(), 李晓宇1   

  1. 1.内蒙古工业大学 轻工与纺织学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010080
    2.内蒙古工业大学 材料科学与工程学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-18 修回日期:2021-10-29 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 史志铭
  • 作者简介:王晓清(1985—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为废旧绒毛回收及其资源化、高值化利用。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020LH05005);内蒙古自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010128018)

Effect of ultrasonic treatment on composition and structure of rabbit hair keratin

WANG Xiaoqing1,2, SHI Zhiming2(), LI Xiaoyu1   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Light Industry, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010080, China
    2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
  • Received:2021-03-18 Revised:2021-10-29 Published:2022-04-15 Online:2022-04-20
  • Contact: SHI Zhiming

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摘要：

针对化学试剂或高温处理促进二硫键断裂但导致酰胺键水解生成小分子多肽的问题,采用超声波辅助还原法提取了兔毛角蛋白,并使用蛋白质电泳仪、红外光谱仪、荧光光谱仪和粒度分析仪等研究了超声波处理时间对兔毛角蛋白的氨基酸组成和各级结构的影响。结果表明:随着超声波处理时间的增加,兔毛角蛋白的氨基酸组分没有发生变化,但氨基酸含量降低,胱氨酸损失率增加,游离巯基含量呈现先增加后减小的趋势;角蛋白的分子质量主要分布在31~43 ku之间,大分子质量角蛋白逐渐增加,α-螺旋结构逐渐转变为β-折叠和无规卷曲结构,角蛋白分子的粒径降低;提取的角蛋白具有稳定的三级结构,且角蛋白分子不易发生集聚。

关键词: 超声波处理, 兔毛角蛋白, 氨基酸组成, 分子质量, α-螺旋, β-折叠, 化学结构

Abstract:

In view of the destruction of disulfide bonds by increasing chemical reagents or high temperature treatment, resulting in the hydrolysis of amide bonds to generate small molecular polypeptides, ultrasonic treatment combined with reduction method was used to extract the keratin from the rabbit hair. The effects of ultrasonic treatment on the chemical composition and structure of rabbit hair keratin were investigated by protein electrophoresis meter, infrared spectrometer, fluorescence spectrometer and particle size analyzer. The results show that with the increase of ultrasonic treatment time, the amino acid composition of rabbit hair keratin remained constant, but the amino acid content decreased. The loss rate of cystine increased and the content of free sulfhydryl group firstly increases and then decreases, and the molecular weight increases gradually and mainly distribute in the range of 31-43 ku. The secondary structure changes from α-helix structure to β-sheet structure and random coil structure, and the particle size of the keratin decrease. The fluorescence spectra show that keratin has fixed structure and is not easy to agglomerate.

Key words: ultrasonic treatment, rabbit hair keratin, amino acid composition, molecular weight, α-helix, β-sheet, chemical structure

中图分类号: 

  • TS252.1

图1

氨基酸含量分析结果"

表1

不同种类氨基酸含量"

试样
编号		 酸性氨基
酸含量/%		 碱性氨基
酸含量/%		 中性氨基
酸含量/%		 总含
量/%
RT 19.23 13.31 61.41 93.95
UT-RH 18.62 12.95 59.42 90.99
UT-0 20.47 11.70 53.28 85.45
UT-1 21.25 11.69 53.88 86.82
UT-2 21.55 11.89 54.63 88.07
UT-3 21.22 12.14 54.94 88.30
UT-4 21.53 12.09 54.34 87.96

图2

超声波处理时间对兔毛角蛋白胱氨酸及游离巯基的影响"

图3

兔毛角蛋白的 SDS-PAGE 图谱"

图4

兔毛角蛋白的红外光谱图和拉曼光谱图"

表2

兔毛及其角蛋白的二级结构含量"

试样
编号		 α-螺
旋		 β-折
叠		 β-折叠/
无规卷曲		 末端羧
基		 无规卷
曲
RH 43.73 9.66 38.98 7.63 —
UT-RH 7.63 7.63 49.86 3.37 —
UT-0 26.99 18.03 45.14 9.83 —
UT-1 33.52 15.23 44.15 7.11 —
UT-2 29.53 17.53 44.20 8.74 —
UT-3 — 10.72 48.36 11.86 29.06
UT-4 — 7.47 53.33 8.25 30.95

图5

兔毛及其角蛋白的X射线衍射谱图"

表3

结晶度和晶格间距"

试样
编号		 结晶
度/%		 衍射峰1 衍射峰2
2θ/(°) 晶面间距/nm 2θ/(°) 晶面间距/nm
RH 21.88 9.47 0.932 20.44 0.434
UT-RH 15.94 9.27 0.953 19.28 0.460
UT-0 2.85 9.31 0.949 19.42 0.456
UT-1 1.56 8.69 1.016 19.80 0.447
UT-2 1.08 9.07 0.974 19.62 0.452
UT-3 1.58 8.97 0.985 19.52 0.454
UT-4 1.19 8.49 1.040 19.58 0.453

图6

兔毛角蛋白的内源荧光光谱"

图7

兔毛角蛋白的粒径分布与ζ-电位值"

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