纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 181-189.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210501210

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

气凝胶材料在纺织品上的应用研究进展

赵伦玉1,2, 隋晓锋1,2, 毛志平1,2, 李卫东3, 冯雪凌1,2()   

  1. 1.东华大学 化学与化工学院, 上海 201620
    2.东华大学 生态纺织教育部重点实验室, 上海 201620
    3.东华大学 纺织学院, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-07 修回日期:2021-11-29 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2023-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 冯雪凌
  • 作者简介:赵伦玉(1995—),女,博士生。主要研究方向为离子凝胶纤维的制备与应用。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232019A3-03)

Research progress in aerogel materials application for textiles

ZHAO Lunyu1,2, SUI Xiaofeng1,2, MAO Zhiping1,2, LI Weidong3, FENG Xueling1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    3. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2021-05-07 Revised:2021-11-29 Published:2022-12-15 Online:2023-01-06
  • Contact: FENG Xueling

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摘要：

为明晰气凝胶的定义并挖掘其在纺织品上的应用价值,综述了气凝胶材料的定义演变历程以及目前国内外在气凝胶基纺织品上的研究现状。具体分析了气凝胶在纺织品上的3种主要应用方法,即凝胶整体成型法、热黏合法和涂层法的工艺流程及其优缺点;围绕气凝胶基纺织品的4种应用形式,包括热防护纺织品、保暖防寒纺织品、超疏水纺织品和消声隔声纺织品,阐明了气凝胶的作用机制并提出该类应用形式目前面临的问题。最后指出,增强力学性能、优化材料配伍、降低制备成本以及推动智能化转型是气凝胶材料未来的重要发展方向。

关键词: 气凝胶, 成型方法, 功能纺织品, 热防护纺织品, 防寒纺织品, 超疏水, 消声隔声

Abstract:

In order to clarify the definition of aerogel and explore its application value in textiles, the evolution of the definition and the domestic and international research status of aerogel-based textiles were reviewed and summarized. The preparation processes of three main application methods of aerogel in textiles, i.e., gel integral molding method, thermal bonding method and coating method, as well as their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed in detail. Focusing on the four application forms of aerogel-based textiles, including thermal protection textiles, warm and cold-proof textiles, super-hydrophobic textiles and noise and sound insulation textiles, this paper expounded the action mechanism of aerogel and pointed out the problems currently in these application forms. Finally, the review concluded that enhancing mechanical properties, optimizing material compatibility, reducing preparation cost and promoting intelligent transformation would be the significant development directions of aerogel materials for the textile field in the future.

Key words: aerogel, preparation method, functional textile, thermal protection textile, cold-proof textile, super hydrophobic, acoustic insulation

中图分类号: 

  • TS941.73

图1

气凝胶材料"

图2

整体成型法工艺流程图"

图3

热黏合法工艺流程图"

图4

涂层法工艺流程图"

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