纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 113-118.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210805006

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

阻燃超疏水涤/棉混纺织物的制备及其性能

方寅春(), 陈吕鑫, 李俊伟   

  1. 安徽工程大学 纺织服装学院, 安徽 芜湖 241000
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-11 修回日期:2022-08-24 出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2022-12-26
  • 作者简介:方寅春(1986—),男,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为纺织品功能整理。E-mail:fangyinchun86@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085QE225);安徽工程大学中青年拔尖人才项目(校人字[2021]14号)

Preparation and properties of flame retardant and superhydrophobic polyester/cotton fabrics

FANG Yinchun(), CHEN Lüxin, LI Junwei   

  1. School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
  • Received:2021-08-11 Revised:2022-08-24 Published:2022-11-15 Online:2022-12-26

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摘要：

为实现涤/棉混纺织物同时具有阻燃和超疏水功能,以生物基的壳聚糖(CS)和植酸(PA),采用层层自组装方法在涤/棉混纺织物上构建阻燃涂层,并采用含氟的超疏水整理剂处理涤/棉混纺织物。测定了织物的阻燃和超疏水性能及热稳定性;并观察了阻燃处理前后织物及其垂直燃烧后残炭的外观形貌。结果表明:经CS/PA阻燃处理后织物的极限氧指数(LOI值)可以达到30.6%,经超疏水处理会使其LOI值有所降低,但静态接触角可以达到150°以上,可获得阻燃超疏水功能,并具有一定的水洗耐久性;织物经阻燃超疏水处理,有利于提高其高温稳定性和促进其成炭,CS/PA阻燃涂层可发挥膨胀阻燃作用。

关键词: 涤/棉混纺织物, 功能性纺织品, 阻燃整理, 超疏水整理, 植酸, 壳聚糖

Abstract:

In order to achieve the flame retardancy and super hydrophobicity for polyester/cotton fabrics simultaneously, bio-based chitosan (CS) and phytic acid (PA) were used to construct the flame retardant coating on the polyester/cotton fabric by using layer-by-layer assembly method. The fluorinated superhydrophobic finishing agent was used to treat the polyester/cotton fabrics, and limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test and water static contact angle were used to determine the flame retardancy and super hydrophobicity of treated polyester/cotton fabrics. Thermogravimetric analyzer was used to investigate the thermal stability of polyester/cotton fabrics, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to view the morphology of polyester/cotton fabrics before and after treatment and their char residues after vertical burning. The results show that the LOI value of polyester/cotton fabric can reach 30.6% after flame retardant treatment by CS/PA coating, the static contact angle could reach over 150°, but the LOI would be reduced after superhydrophobic finishing. Polyester/cotton fabrics could achieve the flame retardancy and super hydrophobicity and a certain washing durability. The flame retardant and superhydrophobic treatment of polyester/cotton fabrics could improve their thermal stability at high temperature and promote the char formation. The CS/PA coating could act through intumescent flame-retardant action.

Key words: polyester/cotton fabrics, functional textiles, flame retardant treatment, super hydrophobic, phytic acid, chitosan

中图分类号: 

  • TS195.2

图1

涤/棉混纺织物处理前后的SEM照片(×1 000)"

表1

涤/棉混纺织物水洗前后LOI值和垂直燃烧性能"

试样 增重率/
%		 LOI值/% 垂直燃烧性能 熔滴
现象		 弯曲
长度/
mm
炭长/cm
 续燃时间/s
 阴燃时间/s
洗前 洗1次 洗2次 洗4次 洗前 洗1次 洗4次 洗前 洗1次 洗4次 洗前
 洗1次
 洗4次
未处理 — 17.2 燃尽 10.0 0 有熔滴 24.7
阻燃处理 45.0 30.6 26.3 24.6 23.1 12 16.5 燃尽 0 0 26.1 0 0 0 无熔滴 56.5
阻燃超疏水处理 45.7 29.4 26.7 26.3 25.8 14 14.5 燃尽 0 0 20.4 0 0 0 无熔滴 38.3

图2

涤/棉混纺织物处理前后的垂直燃烧后图片"

图3

阻燃超疏水涤/棉混纺织物静态接触角"

图4

阻燃超疏水涤/棉混纺织物不同次数水洗后静态接触角"

图5

涤/棉混纺织物热重分析"

表2

涤/棉混纺织物氮气气氛下的TG分析数据"

试样 T-10%/
℃		 第1阶段 第2阶段 700 ℃残
炭率/%
T1max/
℃		 R1max/
(%·℃-1)		 T2max/
℃		 R2max/
(%·℃-1)
未处理 354 360 0.50 433 1.87 0.25
阻燃处理 281 306 0.48 439 1.57 13.7
阻燃超疏水处理 275 310 0.34 442 1.32 15.8

图6

涤/棉混纺织物残炭SEM照片(×3 000)"

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