蒸发型降温服的降温性能研究

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20211007807

纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 141-147.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211007807

蒸发型降温服的降温性能研究

陈莹¹, 宋泽涛², 郑晓慧³, 姜延⁴, 常素芹²()

1.北京服装学院服装艺术与工程学院, 北京 100029
2.北京服装学院材料设计与工程学院, 北京 100029
3.军事科学院防化研究院, 北京 100191
4.北京服装学院文理学院, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2021-10-29 修回日期:2022-08-04 出版日期:2022-11-15 发布日期:2022-12-26
通讯作者: 常素芹
作者简介:陈莹(1996—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为服装工效学。
基金资助:
北京学者计划项目(RCQJ20303)

Study on cooling performance of evaporative cooling garment

CHEN Ying¹, SONG Zetao², ZHENG Xiaohui³, JIANG Yan⁴, CHANG Suqin²()

1. School of Fashion, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2. School of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
3. Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Military Seience Academy, Beijing 100191, China
4. College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2021-10-29 Revised:2022-08-04 Published:2022-11-15 Online:2022-12-26
Contact: CHANG Suqin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为缓解高温环境下作业人员的热应激,利用高分子蓄冷材料设计降温服。通过模拟热环境(34 ℃),利用恒功率控制干态暖体假人,选择3个劳动强度水平(即20、200和300 W/m²)和3个相对湿度水平(即20%、50%和80%)对该降温服的降温性能进行系统的研究。结果表明:该降温服能降低假人的皮肤温度,各部位皮肤温度最大降温梯度为3.4 ℃,最大初期降温速度为0.081 ℃/min;劳动强度对降温服的有效降温时长存在显著影响,在所选劳动强度下的躯干有效降温时长分别为大于420、165和102 min;相对湿度对降温服的降温梯度存在显著影响,在所选相对湿度水平下的躯干降温梯度分别为1.8、1.2和0.4 ℃。该蒸发型降温服降温过程缓和,无骤冷、过冷现象,适合中等劳动强度、中等相对湿度环境下穿着。

关键词: 蒸发型, 降温服, 劳动强度, 相对湿度, 皮肤温度

Abstract:

In order to migrate heat strain on workers in the heat, a cooling garment was designed using polymeric cooling storage materials. In a simulated hot environment (temperature 34 ℃), three levels of work intensity (20, 200, and 300 W/m²) and three levels of relative humidity (20%, 50%, and 80%) were selected for systematically evaluating the cooling performance of the cooling garment utilizing dry thermal manikin controlled constant power. Results show that cooling garment is able to lower skin temperature, and for all local skin temperatures, the maximum cooling gradient is 3.4 ℃ and the maximum cooling rate is 0.081 ℃/min. Work intensity has a significant effect on effective cooling time, which for the torso under the selected work intensities were over 420, 165 and 102 min, respectively. Relative humidity has a significant effect on cooling gradient, and the cooling gradient of torso under the selected relative humidities were 1.8,1.2 and 0.4 ℃, respectively. Evaporative cooling garment has a mild cooling process, without sudden cooling and over cooling, which makes it suitable for wearing under moderate work intensity and moderate humidity conditions.

Key words: evaporative, cooling garment, work intensity, relative humidity, skin temperature

中图分类号:

TS941.17

陈莹, 宋泽涛, 郑晓慧, 姜延, 常素芹. 蒸发型降温服的降温性能研究[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(11): 141-147.

CHEN Ying, SONG Zetao, ZHENG Xiaohui, JIANG Yan, CHANG Suqin. Study on cooling performance of evaporative cooling garment[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(11): 141-147.

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劳动强度/(W· m^-2)	部位	降温梯度/℃	温度最低点时间/ min	有效降温时长/ min	皮肤温度变化速度/ (℃·min^-1)	舒适降漏时长/ min
20	胸部	3.0	37	>420	0.081	75
	肩部	3.4	45	>420	0.076	74
	腹部	2.1	48	>420	0.044	711
	背部	2.5	87	>420	0.029	714
	躯干	2.7	49	>420	0.055	77
200	胸部	2.1^*	30	194^*	0.070	82
	肩部	2.6^*	36	208^*	0.072	128
	腹部	0.8^*	33	96^*	0.024	0
	背部	1.2	57^*	175^#	0.021	68
	躯干	1.6^*	36	165^#	0.044	82
300	胸部	1.6^#	24^*	107^#	0.067	0
	肩部	2.1^*	25^*	137^#	0.084	0
	腹部	0.6^*	28^*	66^#	0.021	0
	背部	0.6	34^*	97^#	0.018	0
	躯干	1.2^#	29^*	102^#	0.041	0

相对湿度/%	部位	降温梯度/ ℃	温度最低点时间/ min	有效降温时长/ min	皮肤温度变化速度/ (℃·min^-1)
20	胸部	2.3	18.0	86	0.128
	肩部	3.0	22.0	119	0.136
	腹部	0.9	19.0	48	0.047
	背部	1.3	35.0	88	0.037
	躯干	1.8	22.0	82	0.082
50	胸部	1.6	24.0	107	0.067
	肩部	2.0^*	25.0	137	0.08
	腹部	0.6^*	28.0	66^*	0.021
	背部	0.7^*	34.0	97^*	0.021
	躯干	1.2^*	29.0	102	0.041
80	胸部	0.4^*	8.7^#	160^#	0.046
	肩部	1.1^*	13.0	164	0.085
	腹部	0	0.0	0	—
	背部	0.1^#	9.3^#	230^#	0.011
	躯干	0.4^#	11.0^*	86	0.036

蒸发型降温服的降温性能研究

Study on cooling performance of evaporative cooling garment

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