纺织学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (03): 19-27.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211107609

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

磁控溅射银/锌改性聚苯乙烯/聚偏氟乙烯复合纤维膜的制备及其性能

陈萌1, 何瑞东1, 程怡昕1, 李纪伟1,2, 宁新2, 王娜1,2()   

  1. 1.青岛大学 纺织服装学院, 山东 青岛 266071
    2.青岛大学 非织造材料与产业用纺织品创新研究院, 山东 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-16 修回日期:2022-05-09 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 王娜(1985—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能纳米纤维的制备及其应用。E-mail:wanglinayi@163.com。
  • 作者简介:陈萌(1998—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纳米纤维的制备及其在空气过滤中的应用。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省高等学校“青创科技计划”创新团队项目(2022KJ152)

Preparation and properties of Ag/Zn modified polystyrene/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibrous membranes by magnetron sputtering

CHEN Meng1, HE Ruidong1, CHENG Yixin1, LI Jiwei1,2, NING Xin2, WANG Na1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
    2. Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
  • Received:2021-11-16 Revised:2022-05-09 Published:2023-03-15 Online:2023-04-14

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摘要：

为制备得到兼具抗菌和紫外线防护性能的空气过滤材料,以聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为原料,采用静电纺丝技术制备PS/PVDF纳米纤维膜,并在其正反两面分别磁控溅射银(Ag)和锌(Zn)纳米涂层得到PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn复合纤维膜,并对其微观形貌、元素组成、孔径分布、透气性、过滤性能、紫外线防护性能以及抗菌性能进行研究。结果表明:当溅射功率为60 W,溅射总时间为8 min时,所制得的复合纤维膜对300 nm NaCl气溶胶颗粒的过滤效率达到99.7%,压降为103 Pa,品质因子为0.056 Pa-1;此外,该复合纤维膜的紫外线防护系数可达到702.5,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌带宽度分别为3.5和6.2 mm,表现出优异的紫外线防护性能和良好的抗菌性能。

关键词: 聚苯乙烯, 聚偏氟乙烯, 静电纺丝, 磁控溅射, 空气过滤, 紫外线防护性能, 抗菌性能

Abstract:

Objective Air filter material is the most commonly used and effective medium to deal with air pollution as well as ultraviolet radiation, especially to block the transmission of pathogens in the air. In addition, the bacteria intercepted during use are loaded on the surface of the filter material, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. In order to deal with air pollution and ultraviolet radiation and acquire antibacterial function at the same time, this paper focuses on the preparation of an air filter material with antibacterial and ultraviolet protective properties.

Method PS/PVDF nanofibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning using polystyrene (PS) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the main raw materials. The optimal volume ratio of PS and PVDF spinning solutions was determined by analyzing the micromorphology, mechanical properties and air permeability of the fibrous membranes with different mixing ratios. Silver (Ag) and zinc (Zn) nanocoatings were sputtered on both sides of the selected nanofibrous membrane, respectively. The micromorphology, element composition, pore size distribution, air permeability, filtration, ultraviolet (UV) protection and antibacterial properties of the PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn composite membrane were studied.

Results When the volume ratio of PS to PVDF is 1:2, the fibrous membrane has high breaking stress (2.31 MPa) and good air permeability (177.2 mm/s), which meet the requirements of the practical application. On this basis, PS/PVDF fibrous membrane with a surface density of 2.88 g/m2 and a volume ratio of 1:2 was prepared. The surface of the fibrous membrane was modified with different sputtering time periods to prepare PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn fibrous membrane. The Ag and Zn metal particles sputtered on the fibrous membrane surface achieve uniform deposition (Fig.4), and the combination stability between them and the fibrous membrane is excellent (Fig.6). After performance characterization, it was found that when the sputtering time was 8 min, compared with the PS/PVDF fibrous membrane without sputtering, the pore diameter of PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn fibrous membrane was 7.76 μm reduced to 6.36 μm, air permeability decreases slightly (Fig.7), the filtration efficiency of 300 nm NaCl aerosol particles was increased to 99.7%, the pressure drop slightly increased to 103 Pa, and the quality factor value increased to 0.056 Pa-1 (Fig.8). Compared with the PS/PVDF fibrous membrane without sputtering, when the sputtering time was 8 min, the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn membrane reaches 702.52±55.15, and the transmittance of long wave ultraviolet (UVA) and short wave ultraviolet (UVB) was (0.26±0.01)% and (0.20±0.02)%, respectively, showing excellent UV protection performance. The PS/PVDF fibrous membrane without sputtering did not demonstrate antibacterial effect, while the width of the inhibition zone of the PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn membrane with sputtering time period of 8 min against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached 3.5 mm and 6.2 mm, respectively, which can effectively reduce the growth of bacteria and prolong the service life of the filter material in practical applications.

Conclusion PS/PVDF fibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning, and Ag and Zn nanocoatings were deposited on both sides of the fibrous membrane by magnetron sputtering. The results show that the metal coating on the fibrous membrane surface roughens the fibrous surface, reduces the pore size, and improves the filtration efficiency of the fibrous membrane. The presence of Zn and Ag also endows the fibrous membrane with UV protection and antibacterial properties. An air filter material with antibacterial and UV protective properties has been successfully prepared. This research provides a new idea for the research and development of functional air filter materials.

Key words: polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, electrospinning, magnetron sputtering, air filtration, ultraviolet protection performance, antibacterial

中图分类号: 

  • TS171

图1

不同体积比PS/PVDF纤维膜的扫描电镜照片"

图2

不同体积比的PS/PVDF纤维膜的应力-应变曲线"

图3

不同体积比的PS/PVDF纤维膜的透气性"

图4

磁控溅射后PS/PVDF纤维膜的扫描电镜照片及EDS图"

图5

溅射后纤维膜的热重曲线"

图6

在去离子水中超声波清洗后PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn纤维膜照片"

图7

磁控溅射前后PS/PVDF纤维膜的孔径分布及透气性"

图8

溅射前后PS/PVDF复合纤维膜的过滤性能"

表1

磁控溅射前后PS/PVDF纤维膜的紫外线防护性能"

溅射时间/min UPF值 透射比算术平均值/%
T(UVA)AV T(UVB)AV
0 15.19 ± 0.35 5.63 ± 0.23 1.35 ± 0.07
6 422.31 ± 63.15 0.42 ± 0.06 0.34 ± 0.05
8 702.52 ± 55.15 0.26 ± 0.01 0.20 ± 0.02
10 616.27 ± 74.75 0.29 ± 0.03 0.23 ± 0.03

图9

磁控溅射前后PS/PVDF纤维膜的抑菌圈图"

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