基于Polyflow模拟的茂金属聚乙烯纺黏长丝制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20220705301

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究茂金属聚乙烯(mPE)用于纺黏生产的可能性,分析了mPE的热性能及流变性能,利用Polyflow模拟软件对mPE纺黏长丝制备过程中熔体的流速分布和挤出状态进行模拟,分析了熔体在相同挤出压力、不同挤出温度下流动过程中的速度分布变化以及挤出胀大的变化趋势,根据模拟结果对纺丝实验进行参数指导,并对得到的纺黏长丝进行测试分析。结果表明:mPE熔体的挤出速度随挤出温度的增高而增大,孔口胀大比随着挤出温度的增高而减小;当挤出温度为240 ℃时成功制备出mPE长丝,经6倍拉伸后mPE长丝的断裂强度达到 3.44 cN/dtex, 力学性能优良;实验结果与模拟结果相吻合,证明了mPE用于纺黏生产的可行性,为mPE材料应用于纺黏生产提供理论参考。

关键词: 茂金属聚乙烯, 流变性能, Polyflow模拟, 纺黏长丝, 可纺性

Abstract:

Objective Spunbond products are widely used in the fields of sanitary materials, packaging, and agriculture. Currently, spunbond products on the market are mainly made from polypropylene (PP) and polyester (PET). Although these materials have high strength, their softness is not good enough to meet the requirements of high softness applications. The metallocene polyethylene (mPE) is used to form membrane for its excellent softness. Because of its poor spinnability, mPE is rarely used in spunbond technology. As such, it is important to study the spinning properties of mPE to modify the performance of traditional spunbond products.
Method The thermal and rheological properties of mPE were analyzed first. According to data available, the flow velocity distribution and extrusion state of mPE melt were simulated by Polyflow numerical simulation method during the preparation of mPE spunbond filament. The velocity distribution and extrusion expansion trend of mPE melt were analyzed under different extrusion temperature. According to the simulation results, the parameters of spinning experiment were guided, and the spunbond filaments of mPE with different mechanical drafting multiples were achieved. In order to characterize the mechanical properties of mPE fiber, numbers of common fibers were used for comparison.
Results The thermos-gravimetric analysis result showed that the thermal decomposition temperature of mPE was 405 ℃ (Fig. 1 (a)), and the differential scanning calorimetry result showed the melting range of mPE was 93.9-130.1 ℃ (Fig. 1(b)). According to the thermal properties, the simulation temperature of rheological test was preliminarily set in the range of 220-280 ℃. The melt flow velocity of mPE increased with the increase of melting temperature (Fig. 5) but decreased rapidly after extruding from the spinneret orifice (Fig. 6) in the simulation experiments. The extrusion swell phenomenon of mPE was quite evident after melt extrusion, the lower the extrusion temperature was, the higher the die swell ratio was, and the maximum was 1.52 at the temperature of 230 ℃. The results of Polyflow simulation were used to guide and optimize the parameters of the spunbond process. Finally, the mPE spunbond filaments with different mechanical drafting multiples were successfully prepared at the spinning temperature of 240 ℃. The performance of series mPE filaments were characterized. The results showed that the diameter of mPE filament decreased with the increase of drafting multiple, and the minimum diameter of mPE filament was 64.2 μm with the drafting multiple of 6 times, the variation reached 61.5% compared with the drafting multiple of 1 time (Fig. 8). Because of the rapid cooling of the trickle flow, the amorphous part disentangled and carried out preferred orientation along with mechanical drafting, more molecular chains in the polymer participated in crystallization, the crystallinity of mPE filament increased with the increase of drawing multiple (Fig. 9). The maximum of the crystallinity was 50.1% with the drafting multiple of 6 times. As the trickle flow further oriented and crystallized with the increase of the drafting multiple, the breaking strength of mPE filament increased and the fracture elongation decreased with the increase of the drawing multiple (Fig. 10). Compared with the common fibers appeared on the market, the mPE filament drawn to 6 times exhibited the best mechanical performance, the breaking strength was 3.44 cN/dtex, and the fracture elongation was 85.69%.
Conclusion Polyflow simulation is used to simulate the flow velocity distribution and extrusion state of the mPE melt in the spunbond process. It proves that the Polyflow simulation results can be used to guide and optimize the process parameters for mPE spinning experiment. The performance test of mPE spunbond filament proves the reliability of the simulation method and the feasibility of mPE application in spunbond technology. The testing results also reveal that mPE filament has excellent mechanical properties, which can be used to form the bi-component spunbond with PP, PET and other raw materials, so as to modify the performance of traditional mono-component spunbond material with softer feeling, which can meet the requirements of high softness for certain applications.

Key words: metallocene polyethylene, rheological property, Polyflow simulation, spinning filament, spinnability

中图分类号:

TS172

刘亚, 赵晨, 庄旭品, 赵义侠, 程博闻. 基于Polyflow模拟的茂金属聚乙烯纺黏长丝制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2023, 44(12): 1-9.

LIU Ya, ZHAO Chen, ZHUANG Xupin, ZHAO Yixia, CHENG Bowen. Fabrication and properties of metallocene polyethylene spunbond filament based on Polyflow simulation[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2023, 44(12): 1-9.

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温度/℃	黏度η/(Pa·s)	入口流量Q/(m³·s^-1)
230	256	7.348×10^-12
250	142	1.356×10^-11
270	125	1.533×10^-11

组别	冷区	1区	2区	3区	4区	5区	机头
A	60	170	190	210	215	220	220
B	60	170	190	210	220	230	230
C	60	180	200	220	230	235	240
D	60	180	220	240	245	250	250
E	60	180	220	240	250	260	260

材料	断裂强度/(cN·dtex^-1)	断裂伸长率/%
mPE	3.44	85.69
PE	2.20	31.34
PET	3.17	17.00
蚕丝	3.45	19.82
PP	3.33	58.22
壳聚糖	2.03	8.67
PPS	1.68	28.71
粘胶	1.77	16.07
PBT	2.22	76.03
PTT	2.80	67.32
PLA	3.30	26.79