阻燃腈纶/芳纶包芯纱的制备及其紫外光稳定性

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20220803407

纺织学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (03): 60-66.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220803407

阻燃腈纶/芳纶包芯纱的制备及其紫外光稳定性

吴俊雄¹, 尉霞¹^,²(), 罗璟娴¹, 闫姣儒¹, 吴磊¹^,²

1.西安工程大学纺织科学与工程学院, 陕西西安 710048
2.西安工程大学功能性纺织材料及制品教育部重点实验室, 陕西西安 710048

收稿日期:2022-08-15 修回日期:2022-12-21 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-04-14
通讯作者: 尉霞(1970—),女,教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能纺织品设计及开发。E-mail:1178182529@qq.com。
作者简介:吴俊雄(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能性纺织材料。
基金资助:
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022GY-362)

Preparation and UV stability of flame-retardant acrylic/aramid core-spun yarns

WU Junxiong¹, WEI Xia¹^,²(), LUO Jingxian¹, YAN Jiaoru¹, WU Lei¹^,²

1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
2. Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China

Received:2022-08-15 Revised:2022-12-21 Published:2023-03-15 Online:2023-04-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对芳纶紫外光稳定性差易发生光降解老化的问题,制备外包阻燃腈纶、芳纶为芯纱的包芯纱,用来阻断紫外线对芳纶的直接照射。设计芳纶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/芳纶、腈氯纶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶5种包芯纱,并以包芯纱为纬纱,芳纶为经纱织造织物,测试织物的紫外光老化性、舒适性及阻燃性。结果表明:与纯芳纶织物相比,阻燃腈纶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶3种织物的紫外线防护系数分别提高25.8%、18.7%、20.8%,断裂强力分别下降23.1%、37.9%、27.0%,续燃时间分别延长0.9、0.2、0.2 s,阴燃时间分别延长0.3、0.4、0.7 s;老化前后纯芳纶、阻燃腈纶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶、阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶4种织物断裂强力分别下降43.6%、5.9%、8.3%、9.1%;阻燃腈纶/芳纶织物的舒适性能下降,但阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶织物的舒适性有所提高;阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶包芯纱的综合性能最佳,具有良好的紫外光稳定性、舒适性及阻燃性。

关键词: 芳纶, 阻燃腈纶, 包芯纱, 紫外光稳定性, 舒适性, 阻燃性

Abstract:

Objective Aramid fiber has become the most widely used high performance fiber for protective fabrics because of its good flame retardancy and chemical stability. But, due to the penetration of the molecular chain contains a lot of chromogenic groups, it is prone to aging degradation under high-energy rays, especially UV light, and the UV aging performance seriously affected usability of the aramid products used outdoors. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to improve the UV aging resistance of aramid fiber in fabrics.

Method Aiming at the problem of poor UV light stability and easy photodegradation and aging of aramid, the core-spun yarn structure was adopted to block the direct UV irradiation of aramid by covering the aramid core with flame-retardant acrylic fibers. Five core-spun yarns were designed, including aramid/aramid, flame-retardant acrylic/aramid, modacrylic/aramid, flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant viscose/aramid and flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant Modal/aramid. The core-spun yarns were used as weft and aramid as warp to weave fabrics, and the UV aging, comfort and flame retardant properties were tested.

Results Compared with pure aramid fabric, the UV protection coefficient of flame-retardant acrylic/aramid fabric, flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant viscose/aramid fabric and flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant Modal/aramid fabric increased by 25.8%, 18.7% and 20.8%, respectively(Fig.4), while the fracture strength decreased by 23.1%, 37.9% and 27.0%, respectively(Fig.1). The continuous combustion time was prolonged by 0.9 s, 0.2 s and 0.2 s respectively, and the smoldering time was prolonged by 0.3 s, 0.4 s and 0.7 s respectively. The fracture strengths of pure aramid yarn, flame-retardant acrylic/aramid yarn, flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant viscose/aramid yarn and flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant Modal/aramid yarn decreased by 43.6%, 5.9%, 8.3% and 9.1%, respectively(Fig.2). The comfort of flame-retardant acrylic/aramid fabric decreases, but the comfort of flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant viscose/aramid fabric increases.

Conclusion Before UV aging, the breaking strength of pure aramid fabric is the largest, and the breaking strength of nitrile and chloroprene fabric is the smallest. After 18 months of UV-accelerated aging, the breaking strength of the fabrics with flame-retardant acrylic fibers decreases, but that with flame-retardant acrylic fibers decreases the most, and that with flame-retardant acrylic fibers/aramid fibers decreases the least.The UV transmittance of flame-retardant acrylic/aramid fabric is the lowest, and the UV transmittance of pure aramid fabric is the highest. Flame-retardant acrylic/aramid fiber has the best UV protection performance, while pure aramid fiber has the worst. The yarn component contains flame-retardant acrylic fiber, which can effectively improve the UV resistance of the fabric, and the greater the yarn density in the same fabric, the lower the UV transmittance of the fabric. Flame-retardant acrylic/flame-retardant viscose/aramid core yarn has the best comprehensive performance, good UV stability, comfortability and flame retardant.

Key words: aramid fiber, flame-retardant acrylic fiber, core-spun yarn, UV light stability, comfortability, flame retardancy

中图分类号:

TS106.4

吴俊雄, 尉霞, 罗璟娴, 闫姣儒, 吴磊. 阻燃腈纶/芳纶包芯纱的制备及其紫外光稳定性[J]. 纺织学报, 2023, 44(03): 60-66.

WU Junxiong, WEI Xia, LUO Jingxian, YAN Jiaoru, WU Lei. Preparation and UV stability of flame-retardant acrylic/aramid core-spun yarns[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2023, 44(03): 60-66.

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包芯纱分类号	纱线线密度/ tex	捻系数	单层
包芯纱分类号	纱线线密度/ tex	捻系数	捻度	捻向	牵伸倍数	捻度	捻向	牵伸倍数
1	26	320	627	Z	36.4	672	Z	51.9
1	26	320	627	Z	36.4	627	S	121.2
2	38	320	519	Z	17.4	574	Z	24.8
2	38	320	519	Z	17.4	519	S	58.0
3	55	320	431	Z	10.0	488	Z	14.3
3	55	320	431	Z	10.0	431	S	33.3

纱线编号	纱线类型	线密度/ tex	芯比率/ %	中层比率/%	外层比率/%
F₁	纯芳纶/芳纶	26	56.9	—	43.1
F₂	纯芳纶/芳纶	38	38.9	—	61.1
F₃	纯芳纶/芳纶	55	26.9	—	73.1
J₁	阻燃腈纶/芳纶	26	56.9	—	43.1
J₂	阻燃腈纶/芳纶	38	38.9	—	61.1
J₃	阻燃腈纶/芳纶	55	26.9	—	73.1
L₁	腈氯纶/芳纶	26	56.9	—	43.1
L₂	腈氯纶/芳纶	38	38.9	—	61.1
JN₁	阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶	26	56.9	12.9	30.2
JN₂	阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶	38	38.9	18.3	42.8
JN₃	阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶	55	26.9	21.9	51.2
JM₁	阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶	26	56.9	12.9	30.2
JM₂	阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶	38	38.9	18.3	42.8
JM₃	阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶	55	26.9	21.9	51.2

织物规格	纱线线密度		密度/ (根·(10 cm)^-1)		面密度/ (g·m^-2)	紧度/ %
织物规格	经纱	纬纱	经向	纬向	面密度/ (g·m^-2)	紧度/ %
规格1	14.8 tex×2	26 tex	256	140	114.7	68.3
规格2	14.8 tex×2	38 tex	256	140	131.5	70.8
规格3	14.8 tex×2	55 tex	256	140	155.3	74.1

织物编号	续燃时间/s	阴燃时间/s	损毁长度/mm	燃烧状态
ZF₂	0.0	0.0	20	炭化、收缩
ZJ₁	1.2	0.4	63	炭化
ZJ₂	0.9	0.3	58	炭化
ZJ₃	0.8	0.3	50	炭化
ZL₂	0.4	0.9	49	炭化
ZJN₂	0.2	0.4	39	炭化
ZJM₂	0.2	0.7	54	炭化

织物种类	回潮率/%	透气率/(mm·s^-1)	透湿率/(g·m^-2·d^-1)	芯吸高度/mm	保暖率/%	抗弯刚度/(mN·cm)
纯芳纶	5.80	1 054.8	2 596.29	132.5	36.42	1.359
阻燃腈纶/芳纶	4.28	960.9	3 824.34	110.0	34.96	1.148
腈氯纶/芳纶	4.76	937.7	3 533.55	117.0	36.13	1.055
阻燃腈纶/阻燃粘胶/芳纶	5.25	1 156.1	4 058.00	136.5	39.37	1.619
阻燃腈纶/阻燃莫代尔/芳纶	5.17	1 090.7	4 013.86	128.5	38.68	1.788

阻燃腈纶/芳纶包芯纱的制备及其紫外光稳定性

Preparation and UV stability of flame-retardant acrylic/aramid core-spun yarns

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