涤纶织物表面耐久超疏水涂层制备及其水油分离性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20221104201

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04): 142-150.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20221104201

涤纶织物表面耐久超疏水涂层制备及其水油分离性能

邵明军, 蹇玉兰, 唐唯, 柴希娟, 万辉, 解林坤()

西南林业大学云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室, 云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2022-11-15 修回日期:2023-05-26 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-05-13
通讯作者: 解林坤(1974—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为材料表面科学与工程。E-mail:xielinkun@163.com。
作者简介:邵明军(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织品表面双疏功能化。
基金资助:
云南省农业基础研究联合专项重点项目(202101BD070001-011);国家自然科学基金项目(31760184);国家自然科学基金项目(31960297)

Preparation of durable superhydrophobic coatings on polyester fabric surfaces and its water-oil separation properties

SHAO Mingjun, JIAN Yulan, TANG Wei, CHAI Xijuan, WAN Hui, XIE Linkun()

Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China

Received:2022-11-15 Revised:2023-05-26 Published:2024-04-15 Online:2024-05-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对超疏水织物的整理工艺相对复杂且常用含氟化合物有毒的问题,将甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)、氨水和无水乙醇以体积比为3∶50∶50混合后常温水解,采用浸渍法一步制备了耐久性超疏水涤纶织物。探讨了水解时间对织物表面润湿性及形貌的影响,对整理后织物的表观形貌、化学结构与元素组成、润湿性、断裂强力及涂层的稳定性和耐久性等进行分析与表征。结果表明:当水解时间为120 min整理的涤纶织物具有超疏水性,其静态水接触角为(150.6±0.9)°,滚动角为9°;与未整理涤纶织物相比,超疏水涤纶织物经向、纬向的抗拉强度分别提高了8.31%和11.61%,且经600 min超声波洗涤、10 000次摩擦测试、24 h酸碱溶液浸泡及24 h紫外光老化测试后仍然保持超疏水性,具有较好的力学稳定性和环境耐久性;水解时间为90~210 min整理的涤纶织物,经5次水油分离循环测试其分离效率均在97.0%以上。该方法及工艺绿色高效,所制备的涤纶织物在水油分离、水体净化等领域具有潜在的应用前景和价值。

关键词: 涤纶织物, 甲基三甲氧基硅烷, 超疏水, 耐久性, 水油分离

Abstract:

Objective Superhydrophobic polyester fabrics have been widely used for the fields of self-cleaning and oil-water separation. However, the preparation methods for superhydrophobic fabrics usually involve complex processes and use of fluorine-containing compounds. Fabric finishes with nonfluorinated chemical coatings to attain durable water repellency have attracted broad attention in both academic and industry. This research aims to explore a green and efficient process for preparing durable superhydrophobic polyester fabrics with fluorine-free compounds.

Method Polyester fabrics pretreated with oxygen plasma were finished by impregnation method using hydrolyzed solution of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol at the volume ratio of 3∶50∶50. The effect of solution hydrolyzed time on the surface wettability and morphology of the fabrics was analyzed by contact angle measurement and scanning electron microscopy. The surface elemental composition and chemical structure of the polyester fabrics before and after finishing were analyzed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the mechanical properties, stabilities, durability and water-oil separation characteristics of the superhydrophobic polyester fabrics were evaluated.

Results The pretreated polyester fabric by low temperature oxygen plasma was finished by MTMS solution with different hydrolytic times. The results showed that the surface of polyester fabric finished with MTMS presented different rough coatings at different hydrolytic times of MTMS solutions, and additional Si elements were found on the surface with the EDX observation. In FT-IR spectrum of the polyester fabric surface before and after MTMS finishing, it was showed that the bending and stretching vibration absorption peaks of Si—CH₃ appeared on the finished polyester fabric surface at 1 262 and 779 cm^-1 respectively, and the XPS test showed obviously signal peaks of Si2p and Si2p. The FT-IR and XPS analysis indicated that the MTMS was successfully finished on the surface of the polyester fabric. In the contact angle test, the MTMS-coated polyester fabrics were all hydrophobic, especially the polyester fabrics with 120-180 min hydrolyzed MTMS treatment reached superhydrophobicity, and the water contact angles were all greater than 150° and the sliding angle was less than 10°. Compared with the untreated polyester fabric, the tensile strength of the polyester fabric with 120 min hydrolyzed MTMS treatment was increased by 8.31% and 11.61% in the warp and weft directions, respectively. After 600 min ultrasonic washing, 10 000 abrasion tests, 24 h acid and alkaline solution immersion, and 24 h UV aging, the water contact angle of the surface of the superhydrophobic polyester fabric was still greater than 150°. In the five water-oil separation cycle tests, the separation efficiency of polyester fabrics with 90-210 min hydrolyzed MTMS treatment was above 97.0%. Moreover, it also showed good absorption performance in the absorption test with light and heavy oil in water.

Conclusion The surface wettability and micro-morphology of polyester fabrics were controlled by MTMS hydrolytic time. The hydrophobic properties of the polyester fabric were enhanced after MTMS finishing, and when the hydrolytic time was 120 min, a rough micro-nanostructure was formed on the surface of the polyester fabric, exhibiting a superhydrophobic state for the polyester fabric. The MTMS-coated polyester fabric had good mechanical properties, and the superhydrophobic coating had excellent resistance to ultrasonic washing, abrasion, acid-alkali corrosion and UV aging, as well as good anti-fouling and water-oil separation properties. This process is green and efficient, and the prepared polyester fabric has a great application potential in water-oil separation, water purification and other fields.

Key words: polyester fabric, methyltrimethoxysilane, superhydrophobicity, durability, water-oil separation

中图分类号:

TS193

邵明军, 蹇玉兰, 唐唯, 柴希娟, 万辉, 解林坤. 涤纶织物表面耐久超疏水涂层制备及其水油分离性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(04): 142-150.

SHAO Mingjun, JIAN Yulan, TANG Wei, CHAI Xijuan, WAN Hui, XIE Linkun. Preparation of durable superhydrophobic coatings on polyester fabric surfaces and its water-oil separation properties[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(04): 142-150.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20221104201

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I04/142

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整理方式	元素含量/%
整理方式	C	O	Si
未整理	73.74	26.26	—
等离子体活化处理	72.62	27.38	—
MTMS水解30 min	72.99	26.50	0.51
MTMS水解120 min	65.44	26.62	7.94
MTMS水解240 min	71.36	25.55	3.09

涤纶织物表面耐久超疏水涂层制备及其水油分离性能

Preparation of durable superhydrophobic coatings on polyester fabric surfaces and its water-oil separation properties

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