纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (01): 120-127.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230300101

• 染整工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

5-(二甲氨基)-2-甲基-5-氧戊酸甲酯在超临界二氧化碳流体染色中的应用

葛怀富1,2, 吴伟1,2(), 王健3, 徐红1,2,4, 毛志平1,2,4,5   

  1. 1.东华大学 生态纺织教育部重点实验室, 上海 201620
    2.东华大学 化学与化工学院, 上海 201620
    3.青岛即发集团股份有限公司, 山东 青岛 266000
    4.东华大学 纺织科技创新中心, 上海 201620
    5.东华大学 国家染整工程技术研究中心, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-01 修回日期:2023-05-06 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 吴伟(1991—),男,博士。主要研究方向为计算化学方法在染整基础理论中的应用。E-mail:wuwei@dhu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:葛怀富(1997—),男,硕士。主要研究方向为超临界二氧化碳流体染色。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(22208049);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2020ZD22);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010406)

Application of methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid dyeing with disperse dyes

GE Huaifu1,2, WU Wei1,2(), WANG Jian3, XU Hong1,2,4, MAO Zhiping1,2,4,5   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    3. Jifa Group Co., Ltd.,Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
    4. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    5. National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2023-03-01 Revised:2023-05-06 Published:2024-01-15 Online:2024-03-14

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摘要：

为提高部分分散染料在超临界二氧化碳流体(ScCO2)中上染率,补全ScCO2分散染料染色色谱,以5-(二甲氨基)-2-甲基-5-氧戊酸甲酯作为分散染料ScCO2染色助溶剂,通过实验探究了染料与助溶剂质量比、染色温度、染色压力对分散染料上染率的影响,并对染色后涤纶纱线的力学性能、耐摩擦色牢度、耐日晒色牢度以及耐皂洗色牢度进行表征。结果表明:纱线得色深度明显提高,且未对纱线色相、饱和度产生明显影响;分散黄163、分散蓝60染料滤饼上染率分别为21.61%、34.25%;加入助溶剂后,分散黄163、分散蓝60的ScCO2染色上染率分别可达57.62%、 70.97%;染色纱线得色深度显著提高,染色后纱线的K/S值分别由4.5、5.9提升至12.0、12.2;最佳染色工艺为:染料与助溶剂质量比1∶20,染色温度130 ℃,染色压力27 MPa;加入助溶剂后染色纱线的力学性能、色牢度符合生产需求。

关键词: 分散染料, 超临界二氧化碳流体, 助溶剂, 上染率, 涤纶纱线

Abstract:

Objective Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (ScCO2) dyeing of disperse dyes with low energy consumption and no effluent discharge in the dyeing process is an advanced industrial technology in line with sustainable development. However, some problems associated with the disperse dyes in this process, such as low dye uptake and incomplete dye chromatography caused by low solubility, greatly limit their further development. In view of these problems, this paper proposed to add appropriate cosolvent to the ScCO2 to improve its solubility, so as to reduce the impact of these problems on the dyeing process.

Method Based on the interaction forces between disperse dye molecules and cosolvent molecules, a green cosolvent (methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate) with high solubility for disperse dyes, high boiling point and non-volatile and non-toxic was selected as a dyeing auxiliary. Disperse yellow 163 and Disperse Blue 60 were selected as experimental dyes. The dyeing rates and K/S values of disperse dye filter cakes and disperse dye filter cakes with cosolvent blends were tested under different process conditions to evaluate their dyeing effects. The mechanical properties and color fastness of the dyed yarns were characterized to assess the effect of the cosolvent addition on the yarn properties.

Results The influence of cosolvent on the fabric was studied through the reflectance curve of the dyed fabric. The results showed that the selected cosolvent has a significant influence on the brightness of the fabric, but it will not change the color and saturation of the fabric. With the addition of cosolvent, the K/S value of fabric dyed by Disperse Yellow 163 increased from 4.5 to 12.0, and that of fabric dyed by Disperse Blue 60 increased from 5.9 to 12.2, indicating that this cosolvent could be used in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid dyeing with disperse dyes. By changing the mass ratio of disperse dyes to liquid cosolvent, dyeing temperature and pressure, the influence of process conditions on the dye uptake of disperse dyes was investigated. The dye uptake of disperse dyes increased significantly after adding the cosolvent. When the mass ratio of dye and cosolvent was 1∶20, the dyeing rate of Disperse Yellow 163 and Disperse Blue 60 reached 57.62% and 70.97%, respectively. With the increase of temperature, the dye uptake increased first and then decreased after adding cosolvent, reaching the maximum at 130 ℃. With the increase of pressure, the dye uptake of disperse dyes increased slightly. The dye uptake did not change significantly with the dyeing pressure above 27 MPa, and the optimum dyeing pressure was 27 MPa. The mechanical properties and color fastness of four different yarns were characterized. The breaking strength and the elongation at break did not change significantly, and the breaking strength of yarns is all about 250 cN and elongation at break is all about 20%. Color fastness to rubbing, color fastness to sunlight and color fastness to soaping of the yarn were all above 4 levels. Properties of yarns dyed with cosolvent met the production requirements.

Conclusion In this study, methyl-5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate was used as a dyeing cosolvent to effectively improve the dyeing rate of Disperse Yellow 163 and Disperse Blue 60 in the supercritical CO2 fluid dyeing process from a practical production problem. Meanwhile, the addition of the cosolvent only affected the brightness of the dyed yarn, and had no significant effect on the color phase and saturation. A suitable dyeing process was determined by the subsequent experiment conditions, i.e., the mass ratio of dye to co-solvent was 1:20, the dyeing temperature was 130 ℃, and the dyeing pressure was 27 MPa. After the addition of cosolvent, the resulting fabric with increased color depth, no significant loss of mechanical properties, and excellent color fastness performance met the requirements of national standards. In summary, the addition of cosolvent caused no significant effect on yarn properties while improving the dyeing rate of disperse dyes with good application prospects in the field of ScCO2dyeing.

Key words: disperse dye, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, cosolvent, dye-uptake, polyester yarn

中图分类号: 

  • TS193.1

图1

5-(二甲氨基)-2-甲基-5-氧戊酸甲酯结构式"

图2

不同染色体系光谱反射率曲线"

图3

分散染料标准吸光度曲线图"

图4

不同助溶剂用量下分散染料上染率"

表1

不同助溶剂用量的染色体系染色后纱线的K/S值"

助溶剂
用量/g		 K/S值
分散黄163 分散蓝60
0 4.5 5.9
5 6.1 9.0
10 9.8 11.0
15 11.1 12.1
20 12.0 12.2

图5

温度对不同染色体系上染率影响"

表2

不同温度下4种染色体系染色后纱线的K/S值"

温度/
℃		 K/S值
Y163 Y163+助溶剂 B60 B60+助溶剂
90 3.8 8.3 4.7 7.3
100 4.1 9.6 5.2 8.8
110 4.2 10.7 5.7 10.1
120 4.4 11.1 5.8 11.6
130 4.5 12.0 5.9 12.2
140 4.6 12.0 6.0 12.2

图6

压力对不同染色体系上染率影响"

表3

不同压力下4种分散染料体系染色后纱线的K/S值"

压力/
MPa		 K/S值
Y163 Y163+助溶剂 B60 B60+助溶剂
22 3.8 11.4 5.4 11.0
24 4.2 11.5 5.7 11.4
26 4.5 11.8 5.8 12.0
27 4.5 12.0 5.9 12.2

表4

纱线的力学性能"

染料 断裂强力/
cN		 断裂强力
CV值/%		 断裂伸长
率/%		 断裂伸长率
CV值/%
Y163 250.23 1.55 20.81 3.26
Y163+助溶剂 248.36 2.24 19.42 3.36
B60 252.04 2.13 21.08 3.61
B60+助溶剂 256.18 1.76 21.13 3.28

表5

Color fastness of yarn dyed by different dyeing systems 级"

染料 耐日晒色
牢度		 耐摩擦色牢度 耐皂洗色牢度
原样变色 不同材质贴衬沾色
湿摩 干摩
丝 漂白棉 涤纶 聚丙烯腈 毛 聚酰胺
Y163 ≥4 5 5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 5 4~5
Y163+助溶剂 ≥4 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 5 4~5
B60 ≥4 5 5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 5 4~5
B60+助溶剂 ≥4 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 5 4~5
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