碘释放抗菌涂层棉织物的制备及其在伤口修复中的应用

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20230500801

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为使医用棉基敷料在伤口管理中能同时对伤口进行安全有效的消毒处理,以增强棉基敷料在医用领域的使用价值,采用羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)混合聚合物溶液对棉织物进行浸泡处理,借助CMC的成膜性促使聚合物涂层在棉织物表面快速形成,之后经吸附溶胀碘化钾后使用过氧化氢溶液处理,获得了一种稳固碘释放抗菌棉织物。测试了不同整理条件下抗菌棉织物对水分子和碘离子的吸附效果,分析了其抗菌性能和生物相容性,并对其用于伤口愈合的效果进行了研究。结果表明:所制备棉织物能够增强对I₂的络合能力,利于I₂缓释从而增加使用时效;伤口愈合实验证实涂层棉织物络合I₂后,可有效杀死伤口处的细菌加速伤口愈合;体外抗菌实验证实涂层棉织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的杀灭效果高达99%,而细胞毒性实验显示整理后棉织物对细胞组织几乎无毒副作用,细胞存活率均在90%以上。这种简单而有效的制备策略对于制造用于临床伤口消毒及治疗的功能性纱布等医用纺织品具有巨大的开发潜力。

关键词: 棉织物, 功能性纺织品, 抗菌性能, 医用敷料, 涂层改性, 生物相容性

Abstract:

Objective Using raw cotton fabrics as medical cotton dressings in wound treatment cannot effectively prevent wound infection. Cotton dressings with antibacterial function can effectively prevent wound infections, but most of the antibacterial agents used for antibacterial finishing on cotton fabric face issues of resistance and high toxicity. In order to enhance the value of medical cotton-based dressings by ensuring safe and effective disinfection of wounds on wound management, a safe and low toxicity preparation strategy is urgently needed to endow cotton materials with excellent bactericidal ability.

Method Iodophor has been widely used for wound disinfection because of its good bactericidal effect and biocompatibility. However, few studies focused on the release of I₂ from cotton materials to prevent wound infections, mainly due to the low chelation strength of cotton materials to I₂, making it difficult to ensure sufficient I₂ release. In order to provide safe antibacterial effects to ordinary cotton materials, we selected less toxic I₂ as the antibacterial active ingredient. Cotton fabrics were coated with good biocompatibility of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hybrid polymer, adding coated cotton fabrics into potassium iodide (KI) solution until full adsorption and sufficient swelling of the cotton fabrics. After that, hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 3% was added to oxidized KI into I₂. Finally, through impregnation method, complexed I₂ molecules were attached onto the surface of the coated cotton fabric.

Results Both CMC and PVP are hydrophilic polymers, and the cotton fabric coated with CMC/PVP hybrid polymer still showed good water absorption ability and were able to adsorb I₂ up to 18.6 μg/mg, the existence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone made cotton fabric demonstrated a strong I₂ adsorption, ensured bactericidal effect against bacteria. Owing to the excellent film-forming properties of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cotton fabrics coated with CMC/PVP polymers formed a smooth surface, and the PVP polymer on the surface of cotton fabrics adsorbed a large amount of I₂. The inhibition zones test confirmed that cotton fabric complexing with I₂ was able to continuously release I₂ to form an antibacterial ring. Owing to the strong oxidation ability of I₂, cotton fabric complexing with I₂ was able to quickly kill bacteria in contact via destroying bacteria cell membrane. Cyto-toxicity experiments confirmed that all cotton fabrics, whether before or after coating and complexing with I₂, exhibited low toxicity against fibroblasts, and the cell survival rate of all samples was above 90%. When cotton fabric was used for bacterial infection wound treatment, the released I₂ killed 99.9% of bacteria at the wound tissue, significantly accelerating wound healing speed. In addition, the release of iodine ions effectively reduced the inflammatory response caused by bacterial infections, thereby accelerating wound healing.

Conclusion Finishing cotton fabric with CMC/PVP hybrid polymer coating is proven to maintain good water absorption performance and increase the chelating cap ability of cotton fabric to I₂, and after complexing with I₂ molecules, cotton fabric has almost no toxic effect on cellular tissues. Owing to the adsorption of full dose I₂, when using cotton fabrics complexing with I₂ for wound infected with bacteria, this cotton fabric can slowly release I₂ to kill bacteria at the wound tissues. In summary, using this cotton fabrics releasing I₂ can not only prevent wound infections but also reduce the inflammatory response caused by bacterial contamination, thereby accelerating wound healing. This cotton fabric as a medical dressing to treat wounds can effectively prevent wound infection without the need for disinfection. Therefore, this cotton fabric dressing can be a good substitute for current wound dressings and has great potential in the clinical treatment of wound infections.

Key words: cotton fabric, functional textile, antibacterial performance, medical dressing, coating modification, biocompatibility

中图分类号:

TS195.5

韩华, 胡安然, 孙艺文, 丁作伟, 李伟, 张彩云, 郭增革. 碘释放抗菌涂层棉织物的制备及其在伤口修复中的应用[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(05): 113-120.

HAN Hua, HU Anran, SUN Yiwen, DING Zuowei, LI Wei, ZHANG Caiyun, GUO Zengge. Fabrication of antibacterial polymers coated cotton fabrics with I₂ release for wound healing[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(05): 113-120.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20230500801

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I05/113

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CMC/PVP 质量分数/%	CMC 与PVP 的质量比
1.0	4∶1	3∶2	2∶3	1∶4
1.5	4∶1	3∶2	2∶3	1∶4
2.0	4∶1	3∶2	2∶3	1∶4

样品名称	测试时间/d	愈合率/%	细菌菌落数/(CFU·mL^-1)
	3	1.8	12.3×10⁶
纯棉织物	7	45.6	1 045
	14	96.8	—
	3	7.3	14.5×10⁶
涂层棉织物	7	48.7	2 321
	14	98.7	—
	3	42.4	2 341
释放I₂抗菌涂层棉织物	7	65.4	352
	14	100.0	—

样品名称	断裂强力/N		断裂伸长率/%
样品名称	经向	纬向	经向	纬向
纯棉织物	196	176	25	14
涂层棉织物	232	205	28	26
释放I₂抗菌涂层棉织物	240	202	17	18