汽车座椅用抗菌涤纶针织物制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20230502401

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决汽车座椅用涤纶针织物耐久性抗菌问题,以钛酸四丁酯为钛源、硼酸和尿素为掺杂体,采用快速溶胶-凝胶浸渍负载法,通过优化工艺制备出负载硼氮共掺杂纳米二氧化钛(B-N-TiO₂)抗菌剂的涤纶针织物。在模拟日光照射条件下采用振荡法测试抗菌涤纶针织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性能。分析抗菌剂的光谱性质和微观形貌,并测试织物的断裂强力、耐磨性能、拒水性能等。结果表明:当浸渍时间为5 min、焙烘温度为120 ℃、焙烘时间为15 min时,所制抗菌涤纶针织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为98.4%和94.4%,其主要性能均符合相关标准要求;经20次洗涤后,其纤维表面仍包覆有大量抗菌剂,且抑菌率分别为91.8%和91.3%,抗菌耐久性优于AA级。

关键词: 硼氮共掺杂纳米二氧化钛, 汽车内饰纺织品, 涤纶针织物, 抗菌整理, 功能性纺织品

Abstract:

Objective Car seats are the most frequently touched parts by the human body during the use of the car, and human sweat and dirt can easily adhere to the car seat fabric. The interaction of the sweat and dirt can produce low fatty acids and some volatile compounds, which would emit foul odor, causing concerns to quality of life and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop antimicrobial car seat fabrics to improve the interior environment of automobiles.

Method With tetrabutyl titanate as titanium source, boric acid and urea as dopants, and polyester knitted fabric as substrate, polyester knitted fabric loaded with boron-nitrogen co-doped nano-titanium dioxide (B-N-TiO₂) antibacterial agent was prepared by rapid sol-gel method. The antibacterial properties of B-N-TiO₂/polyester knitted fabric specimens were analyzed by oscillation tests under solar light illumination using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as the target strains. X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis diffuse reflection absorption spectroscopy were used to analyze the spectral properties of antibacterial agents. The breaking strength, the wear resistance, the water repellency, the color fastness against rubbing, and the pH value of polyester knitted fabric specimens before and after antibacterial finishing were tested.

Results By measuring the bacteriostatic rate of B-N-TiO₂ photocatalytic antibacterial agents with different boron doped amounts on E. coli, the optimal molar ratio of boric acid and tetrabutyl titanate was found to be 0.75∶1. The optimal impregnation loading process for B-N-TiO₂/polyester knitted fabrics was selected by orthogonal test optimization process under the conditions of 5 min impregnation loading time, baking temperature 120 ℃, and baking time 15 min. The antibacterial inhibition rates of B-N-TiO₂/polyester knitted fabric specimens prepared by the optimal process against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 98.4% and 94.4%, respectively, and the antibacterial rates after 20 washes were 91.8% and 91.3%, respectively. The microscopic morphology of the fabric before and after the loading of photocatalytic antibacterial agent was analyzed, and it was found that after finishing with antibacterial agent, a layer of smooth membrane was tightly coated on the surface of polyester fiber, and that after 20 washes, a large proportion of membrane was still tightly wrapped on the fiber surface. After loading the antibacterial agent, the breaking strength of the fabric was increased, the wear resistance was increased, and the water repellency level of the fabric was enhanced. The color fastness against rubbing was not changed. The pH value of the water extract of the antibacterial fabric was reduced, and the key properties were found in line with the requirements of relevant standards.

Conclusion B-N-TiO₂ photocatalytic antibacterial agents have excellent loading effect on polyester fabrics. After 20 times of washing, a very small part of the antibacterial agent membrane on the surface of fiber in the antibacterial fabric cracks and falls off under the impact of water flow and steel ball rubbing, but a large quantity of antibacterial agent membrane wrapped on the fiber surface, which further indicates that the antibacterial fabric has excellent durability and antibacterial properties. The result confirms that the durable antibacterial performance of the B-N-TiO₂/polyester knitted fabric exceeds AA level.

Key words: boron-nitrogen co-doped nano-titanium dioxide, textile for automotive interior, polyester knitted fabric, antibacterial finishing, functional textile

中图分类号:

TS156

李倩倩, 郭晓玲, 崔文豪, 许宇真, 王林峰. 汽车座椅用抗菌涤纶针织物制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(06): 127-133.

LI Qianqian, GUO Xiaoling, CUI Wenhao, XU Yuzhen, WANG Linfeng. Preparation and performance of antibacterial polyester knitted fabric for automotive seats[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(06): 127-133.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20230502401

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I06/127

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水平	A 浸渍时间/min	B 焙烘温度/℃	C 焙烘时间/min
1	1	80	5
2	3	100	10
3	5	120	15

试样编号	抑菌率
1^#	85.0
2^#	90.2
3^#	91.0
4^#	95.5
5^#	93.2

试验号	A 浸渍时间/min	B 焙烘温度/℃	C 焙烘时间/min	抑菌率/%
1^*	1	80	5	87.5
2^*	1	100	10	91.7
3^*	1	120	15	97.9
4^*	3	80	10	95.8
5^*	3	100	15	97.9
6^*	3	120	5	95.8
7^*	5	80	15	97.9
8^*	5	100	5	97.9
9^*	5	120	10	97.9
K₁	277.1	281.2	281.2
K₂	289.5	287.5	285.4
K₃	293.7	291.6	293.7
极差R	5.5	3.5	4.2
因素主次	A>C>B
优化方案	A₃B₃C₃

试样	断裂强力/N		耐磨次数	拒水等级/ 级	耐摩擦色牢度/级		pH 值
试样	纵向	横向	耐磨次数	拒水等级/ 级	干摩擦	湿摩擦	pH 值
原样	162	369	34	2	4	4	7.8
抗菌样	173	396	36	4	4	4	6.5