多喷头纺丝装置的仿真与设计

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20230707101

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对静电纺丝多喷头间电场强度分布不均匀所导致的纺丝液射流运动轨迹不稳定、纺丝纤维分布较为分散等边缘效应问题,采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件,通过深入研究多喷头静电纺丝的纺丝电压、喷头间的横向间距和纵向间距对多喷头电场强度分布均匀性的影响程度,给出削弱多喷头边缘效应的喷头最优空间位置关系。结果表明:在三喷头仿真实验中,增大喷头间的横向间距,3个喷头的电场强度随着纵向间距的减小而逐渐趋于一致;当横向间距为5.0 cm、纵向间距为0.5 cm时,边缘效应能够得到有效缓解,且该间距更有利于多喷头的结构设计;五喷头、九喷头静电纺丝装置在保持横向间距为5.0 cm不变的情况下,纵向间距为0.5 cm时的电场强度分布相对于零点位置更加均匀,且九喷头的效果最好。通过实验验证,九喷头结构具有纺丝面积大、效率高和纺丝过程稳定等优点,研究结果可为纺丝装置的多喷头结构研究与设计提供借鉴。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维, 多喷头, 纺丝装置仿真, 电场分布, 多喷头纺丝技术

Abstract:

Objective Nanofibres have been widely used in many scientific fields due to their excellent characteristics such as large specific surface area and high porosity. Currenly, the electrospinning efficiency of the traditional electrospinning equipment is low, failing to meet the requirement for practical applications. Researchers worked to improve the electrospinning efficiency by increasing the number of nozzles, but there is an "edge effect" problem in multi-nozzle electrospinning. The "edge effect" is generally manifested in the uneven distribution of electric field strength at the nozzle, which leads to electrospinning instability. This study aims to solve the "edge effect" problem through electric field intensity simulation analysis and to design a corresponding multi-nozzle device.

Method Three nozzles were used as the basis for simulation. By changing longitudinal spacing and transverse spacing of nozzles, COMSOL Multiphysics software was employed to analyze the change of the electric field intensity. Following the three-nozzle space electric field intensity simulation analysis, five-nozzle and nine-nozzle simulation analysis of electric field intensity distribution were carried out, the results of which were used for designing multi-nozzle devices.

Results In the three nozzles space electric field intensity simulation, the electric field intensity values of the three nozzles appeared to be the same when increasing transverse spacing, where the transverse spacing was kept to 9.45 cm. However, excessive transverse spacing was found not conducive to the structural design of the multi-nozzle device. The effect of increasing the voltage of the middle nozzle on the electric field intensity was much smaller than the effect of changing the transverse spacing on the electric field intensity. Among them, when the transverse spacing was 5.0 cm, the electric field intensity value was only 2 170 kV/m, which is not conducive to spinning experiments, and the additional high-voltage power required for smaller transverse spacing would cause resource waste in the simulation experiment of changing the transverse and longitudinal spacing. In order to make the three nozzles have the same electric field intensity, the longitudinal spacing of the nozzles was decreased with increased transverse spacing, at 5 cm/0.5 cm (transverse/longitudinal spacing), when the same electric field intensity was 4 394 kV/m. Designing a multi-nozzle structure based on 5 cm/0.5 cm (transverse/longitudinal spacing) not only effectively alleviated the "edge effect" problem, but also facilitated the structural design of multi-nozzle. With 5 cm/0.5 cm (transverse/longitudinal spacing) as the basic parameter setting, under the same conditions, the electric field intensity distribution of the nine nozzles was more uniform than that of the five nozzles. A multi-nozzle device was designed based on simulation results. In the electrospinning verification of the multi-nozzle electrospinning device, the nine nozzles device not only stabilized the electrospinning process, but also improved the electrospinning efficiency by 422.3% compared to the single nozzle device within the same electrospinning time.

Conclusion By changing the relative position of multi-nozzle in space, it can effectively solve the "edge effect" problem in multi-nozzle scenario, make the electric field intensity distribution at the nozzles more uniform, and increase the electrospinning efficiency, and also ensure the stability of the electrospinning process. The method is mainly to adjust the transverse and longitudinal spacing of the nozzles to reduce the influence of the nozzle voltages on each other, so as to make the jet smoother in the deposition process. These results show that changing the relative position of the nozzle space can effectively solve some problems in the multi-nozzle electrospinning process, and also provide some help for the improvement of the multi-nozzle spinning device in the future.

Key words: electrospinning, nanofiber, multi-nozzle, simulation on spinning apparatus, electric field intensity distribution, multi-nozzle spinning technology

中图分类号:

TB383

张佃平, 王昊, 林文峰, 王振秋. 多喷头纺丝装置的仿真与设计[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(10): 200-207.

ZHANG Dianping, WANG Hao, LIN Wenfeng, WANG Zhenqiu. Simulation and design of multi-nozzle spinning device[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(10): 200-207.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20230707101

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I10/200

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横向间距/cm	中间喷头电压/kV	电场强度/(kV·m^-1)
1.0	15.3	4 500
2.0	15.3	4 800
3.0	15.1	5 000
4.0	15.5	5 100
5.0	15.0	2 170