纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 95-102.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230903301

• 纺织工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

织物增强橡胶基复合材料本构模型及其应用

孙戬1,2(), 王彤1, 陈云辉1, 林何1,2, 刘晖1,2, 成小乐1,2   

  1. 1.西安工程大学 机电工程学院, 陕西 西安 710048
    2.西安市现代智能纺织装备重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710048
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-14 修回日期:2024-06-23 出版日期:2025-01-15 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 作者简介:孙戬(1984—),男,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为复合材料力学、工程中的有限元仿真等。E-mail:sunjian@xpu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51805402);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JM-362);西安市现代智能纺织装备重点实验室建设项目(2019220614SYS021CG043);湖北省数字化纺织装备重点实验室开放课题项目(KDTL2023002)

Constitutive model and application of fabric reinforced rubber composites

SUN Jian1,2(), WANG Tong1, CHEN Yunhui1, LIN He1,2, LIU Hui1,2, CHENG Xiaole1,2   

  1. 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
    2. Xi'an Key Laboratory of Modern Intelligent Textile Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
  • Received:2023-09-14 Revised:2024-06-23 Published:2025-01-15 Online:2025-01-15

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摘要： 为更准确地表征织物增强橡胶基复合材料在受力变形过程中的力学性能,针对二维编织物结构,基于连续介质力学将织物增强橡胶基复合材料应变能解耦为橡胶基体应变能、纤维拉伸应变能以及纤维之间相互作用引起的剪切应变能,结合橡胶、织物增强复合材料的单轴拉伸及镜框剪切实验数据拟合得到本构模型参数。通过对织物增强密封带压缩仿真结果与实验数据进行比较,验证了所建立的舱门密封有限元模型的有效性,随后将织物增强橡胶基复合材料超弹性本构模型应用于飞机舱门压缩过程的模拟分析。结果表明:超弹性本构模型能够用于表征织物增强复合材料的各向异性非线性材料行为;经向/纬向纤维与密封带轴向呈0°角铺设方式的密封性能优于45°角铺设,舱门的密封性能与门框的加载量成正比关系。

关键词: 机织物, 橡胶, 织物增强复合材料, 橡胶密封件, 本构模型, 舱门密封带, 密封性, 有限元法

Abstract:

Objective Considering that rubber seals are produced in the process of vulcanization molding, rubber penetration into the fabric will affect the deformation law of the fabric, which in turn affects the overall performance of the seals, the composite of fabric and rubber is regarded as an aramid fabric rubber reinforcement layer, and the constitutive model of fabric reinforced rubber composites is applied in order to more accurately characterize the mechanical properties of the fabric reinforced rubber composites in the process of deformation under force.

Method The continuous medium mechanics theory was applied to decouple the strain energy of fabric-reinforced rubber composites, and the parameters of the constitutive model were obtained by combining with the experiment data fitting. For the established hatch sealing belt model, the conventional finite element analysis method, and the fabric reinforced rubber composite hyperelastic constitutive model were utilized to simulate the compression process of the hatch sealing belt, respectively. The simulation results of the compression of the hatch sealing belt were compared with the experimental data.

Results According to the conventional finite element analysis method, the rubber matrix and fabric are considered separately. The Yeoh hyperelastic constitutive model was chosen to characterize the rubber material, and the aramid fabric reinforcement layer was simplified as LAMINA unit. The trend of the load-compression curve per unit length obtained from the simulation analysis of the hatch sealing belt model was basically the same as that obtained from the compression experiments of the aramid fabric reinforced seals, which verified the accuracy of the finite element model. Subsequently, the fabric reinforced rubber composite hyperelastic constitutive model was applied to the simulation analysis of the compression process of the aircraft hatch, and the effects of fabric fiber stretching and fiber cross-shear between warp and weft yarns on the sealing performance of the sealing belt were fully considered. In order to investigate the effect of different fiber laying angles on the sealing performance of the hatch sealing belt, the laying mode is that the warp/weft fibers are at 0° or 45° to the axial direction of the sealing belt. The results show that: the hyperelastic constitutive model of fabric reinforced rubber composites can be used to characterize the anisotropic nonlinear material behavior of fabric reinforced composites; the maximum shear angles of 45° and 0° of fiber lay-up do not differ much, which are 19.70° and 20.60°, respectively, but the difference in the region of wrinkles is obvious. Compared with the 45° lay-up method, the 0° lay-up fiber aramid fabric rubber reinforcement layer was more anti-wrinkle and the sealing performance of the sealing belt was better. After the shear angle changes to 18°, as the shear angle continues to increase, the unit load pressure of the warp/weft fibers laid at 0° to the sealing belt axial direction shows a linear upward trend, and the sealing member has a greater reaction force on the compression strip, and the sealing effect is better. Therefore, the sealing performance of the way of laying the warp/weft fibers and sealing belt axially at 0° is better than the way of laying at 45°. The sealing performance of the hatch is directly proportional to the loading of the door frame.

Conclusion The strain energy function of fabric reinforced rubber composites was decomposed into rubber matrix strain energy, fiber stretches, and shear deformation energy by virtue of the interaction between fibers based on continuum mechanics. Application of fabric reinforced rubber constitutive model to simulate the compression process of hatch sealing belt, considering the effect of shear deformation and tensile deformation of aramid fabric fiber in the compression process of sealing belt. The sealing performance obtained from the analysis of this constitutive model is better than that of the conventional analytical model, and it is suitable for the characterization of fabric reinforced rubber composite materials in the deformation process of the anisotropic mechanical behavior.

Key words: woven fabric, rubber, fabric reinforced composite, rubber seal, constitutive model, hatch sealing belt, tightness, finite element method

中图分类号: 

  • TB332

图1

纯橡胶单轴拉伸实验拟合曲线"

图2

单向拉伸应变能密度 W T a 与 I 4 - 1曲线"

图3

剪切力-剪切角拟合曲线"

图4

舱门密封带有限元模型"

表1

橡胶及芳纶织物参数"

橡胶基体 内部增强芳纶织物
c1 c2 c3 D E1 E2 μ
0.86 -1.42 5.23 0.099 27.70 11.80 0.18

表2

织物增强橡胶基复合材料本构模型参数"

橡胶基体 内部增强织物橡胶复合层
c1 c2 c3 D k1 k2 k3 k4 k5 k6
0.86 -1.42 5.23 0.099 6.30 94.30 27 350.68 0.015 0.089 0.042

图5

舱门密封带压缩单位长度载荷与压缩率曲线"

图6

剪切角分布云图"

图7

单位载荷压力-剪切角曲线"

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