聚吡咯共轭结构对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料热循环稳定性能的影响

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231004001

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 23-30.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20231004001

聚吡咯共轭结构对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料热循环稳定性能的影响

姜梦敏¹, 王一璠¹, 金欣¹(), 王闻宇², 肖长发¹^,³

1.天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
2.天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
3.上海工程技术大学, 上海 201620

收稿日期:2023-10-13 修回日期:2024-05-23 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-22
通讯作者: 金欣(1972—),女,教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能材料结构与性能。E-mail:jinxin29@126.com。
作者简介:姜梦敏(1994—),女,硕士。主要研究方向为导电聚合物材料设计与功能。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51573136)

Effect of pyrrole-conjugated structure on the thermal cycle stability of carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composites

JIANG Mengmin¹, WANG Yifan¹, JIN Xin¹(), WANG Wenyu², XIAO Changfa¹^,³

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
3. Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

Received:2023-10-13 Revised:2024-05-23 Published:2024-10-15 Online:2024-10-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRPs)存在的碳纤维与基体间界面黏结性较弱和在热循环过程中因热膨胀系数不匹配而产生界面破坏的问题,通过低温聚合得到含有较多共轭结构的聚吡咯(PPy)对预处理后碳纤维(CF)进行表面改性,分别在0、30、60℃下制得碳纤维/聚吡咯复合纤维(PPy/CF),并研究了不同聚合温度下制备的CFRPs的界面结合性能、热膨胀性能和热循环稳定性能。结果表明:PPy/CF-0纤维的表面粗糙度与CF相比增加了2.09倍,这有利于树脂锚定在碳纤维表面,从而提高界面结合性能;并且PPy/CF-0纤维表面的聚吡咯层具有较完善的共轭结构,整体表现为负热膨胀系数,使得复合材料的层间剪切强度和界面剪切强度分别达到了CF的1.56倍和1.70倍;此外还使得CFRPs的热循环稳定性有了较明显的提升,经100次热循环实验后,其剪切强度仍能保持在初始数值的70%以上。

关键词: 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料, 聚吡咯, 界面结合性能, 负热膨胀系数, 热循环稳定性, 聚合温度

Abstract:

Objective Carbon fiber(CF) reinforced resin matrix composites (CFRPs) have attracted much research attention in due to their good overall performance. However, CFRPs suffer from the problems of weak interfacial bonding between carbon fibers and matrix, and the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients of the two phase materials brings about interfacial damage during thermal cycling. Existing interfacial modification techniques are difficult to solve the above two problems, and therefore a new solution is proposed in this paper.

Method Optimization of interfacial properties of composites was carried out based on structural adjustment of polypyrrole (PPy) to achieve surface modification by polymerizing a layer of PPy on carbon fiber. The PPy layer with more conjugated structure was obtained by adjusting different polymerization temperature. The interfacial bonding property, thermal expansion property and thermal cycling stability of CFRPs prepared under different polymerization conditions were studied.

Results The results showed that the surface roughness of PPy/CF-0 fibers polymerized at 0 ℃ was higher than that of CF by a factor of 2.09, which was conducive to the anchoring of the epoxy resin on the surface of carbon fibers. Moreover, the PPy on the surface of PPy/CF-0 fibers showed a higher α-α conjugate structure, which led to the negative coefficient of thermal expansion of the composites, and increased the interlayer shear strength and interfacial shear strength of the composites by a maximum of 60 MPa and 47.5 MPa, respectively. The PPy/CF-0 fiber composites also demonstrated excellent thermal cycling stability, and the shear strength was still maintained at more than 70% of the initial value after 100 thermal cycling tests.

Conclusion Compared with unmodified CF, the interlaminar shear strength(ILSS) and interfacial shear strength(IFSS) of PPy/CF-0 fiber-reinforced composites modified by PPy coating reached 88.9 MPa and 65.4 MPa, respectively, which were 1.56 and 1.70 times higher compared with CF, and the shear strength was maintained at more than 70% of the initial value after thermal cycling up to 100 times. The polymerization temperature has a significant effect on the morphology, structure and properties of the PPy layer. Through AFM observation and FT-IR spectra analysis, the surface of PPy/CF-0 fibers prepared by low-temperature polymerization at 0 ℃ has a large roughness and the content of α-α conjugated structure of PPy is as high as 74%. The PPy/CF-0 fiber and its reinforced composites showed negative coefficient of thermal expansion. The PPy-modification technology provides a new way of thinking for the design of composite materials by changing the surface roughness and negative thermal expansion coefficient, thus effectively enhancing the interfacial bonding performance and improving the thermal cycling stability of fiber-reinforced composites.

Key words: carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite, polypyrrole, interfacial bonding property, negative thermal expansion coefficient, thermal cycling stability, polymerization temperature

中图分类号:

TS101

姜梦敏, 王一璠, 金欣, 王闻宇, 肖长发. 聚吡咯共轭结构对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料热循环稳定性能的影响[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(10): 23-30.

JIANG Mengmin, WANG Yifan, JIN Xin, WANG Wenyu, XIAO Changfa. Effect of pyrrole-conjugated structure on the thermal cycle stability of carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composites[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(10): 23-30.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20231004001

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I10/23

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材料	α₉₀/(10^-4℃^-1)	α₁₅₀/(10^-4℃^-1)
CF	6.960	9.410
PPy/CF-0	-1.870	-3.760
PPy/CF-30	-0.118	-1.210
PPy/CF-60	11.900	3.750

聚吡咯共轭结构对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料热循环稳定性能的影响

Effect of pyrrole-conjugated structure on the thermal cycle stability of carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composites

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聚合温度/℃	α-α含量/%	聚合温度/℃	α-α含量/%
-15	68	30	69
0	74	45	63
15	69	60	52