分散染料在超临界CO2流体染色聚酯纤维中的扩散行为

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231006001

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (02): 134-141.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20231006001

分散染料在超临界CO₂流体染色聚酯纤维中的扩散行为

范博¹^,², 吴伟¹^,², 王健³, 徐红¹^,²^,⁴, 毛志平¹^,²^,⁴^,⁵()

1.东华大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室, 上海 201620
2.东华大学化学与化工学院, 上海 201620
3.青岛即发集团股份有限公司, 山东青岛 266000
4.东华大学纺织科技创新中心, 上海 201620
5.东华大学国家染整工程技术研究中心, 上海 201620

收稿日期:2023-10-17 修回日期:2023-12-01 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-29
通讯作者: 毛志平(1969—),男,研究员,博士。主要研究方向为纺织品功能性整理及绿色环保助剂。E-mail:zhpmao@dhu.edu.cn。
作者简介:范博(1999—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为超临界二氧化碳流体染色。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(22208049);山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2020ZD22);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010406)

Diffusion behavior of disperse dyes in supercritical CO₂ fluid polyester fibers dyeing

FAN Bo¹^,², WU Wei¹^,², WANG Jian³, XU Hong¹^,²^,⁴, MAO Zhiping¹^,²^,⁴^,⁵()

1. Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
2. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
3. Jifa Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
4. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
5. National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

Received:2023-10-17 Revised:2023-12-01 Published:2024-02-15 Online:2024-03-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入研究分散染料的扩散性能在超临界CO₂染色过程中影响染色条件及染色质量的理论机制,使用共聚焦拉曼显微镜研究了超临界CO₂流体染色在不同工况条件(100~140 ℃、21~27 MPa、5~90 min)下分散染料(分散红167、分散橙30、分散蓝79)在涤纶中的扩散行为。通过拉曼深度成像图获得了染料在纤维径向分布的数据,计算扩散系数。结果显示:分散染料在染色初期(5 min内)已在纤维内分布均匀,且随染色时间、染色压力的增加,染料在纤维内部均匀上染。对比染色后纤维径向的拉曼光谱数据与纱线上染量数据,验证了拉曼光谱数据的有效性。经计算分散染料中分散橙30的扩散系数最高(9.744×10^-15 m²/s)。表明拉曼技术用于分析单纤维内染料扩散有着巨大的优势,反应快速,制样简单,同时可在无损纤维的前提下对涤纶内部的染料分布进行测量。

关键词: 分散染料, 聚酯纤维, 超临界CO₂流体, 共聚焦拉曼显微镜, 扩散

Abstract:

Objective Supercritical CO₂ fluid dyeing is attracting attentions as a green technology that is promising to root out the printing and dyeing wastewater problem. There are still deficiencies in understanding the dyeing mechanisms, among which the understanding of diffusion performance of dyestuffs would play a key role in exploring the dyeing process with supercritical CO₂ fluids. This research aims to study the diffusion behaviour of disperse dyes in supercritical CO₂ fluid dyed polyester fibers.

Method The diffusion behaviour of disperse dyes (Disperse Red 167, Disperse Orange 30, Disperse Blue 79) in polyester fibers under different dying conditions of supercritical CO₂ fluid dyeing was investigated using confocal Raman microscopy. Based on the Raman spectra of the dyes, fibers before and after dyeing and the Raman characteristic peaks of the dyes in the dyed fibers were analyzed. The distribution of the dyes in the fibers was also studied by selecting the corresponding depth imaging map according to the characteristic peaks of the dyes. The accuracy of the data was later verified by comparing the Raman data with the exfoliated colour data. The diffusion coefficient was also evaluated.

Results Firstly, the position of the main Raman peak (1 616 cm^-1) of the polyester fiber and the Raman characteristic peak of disperse dyes in the fiber was obtained by comparing the Raman spectra of the samples. The depth imaging function of confocal Raman microscope was used to analyze the fibers after dyeing under different conditions, revealing that the dye in the fibers increased significantly from 5 to 30 min of dyeing. The adsorption capacity of three dyes in the fibers increased with pressure, the adsorption capacity of Disperse Red 167 and Disperse Orange 30 in the fiber increased with the increase of temperature, and the adsorption capacity of disperse Blue 79 in the fiber showed an increase and then a decrease. The dye was found to be evenly distributed in the fibers at the early stage of dyeing (dyeing time 5 min). The Raman data were compared with the stripping data to verify the validity of the Raman data, and the diffusion coefficients of the three dyes were calculated under the dyeing condition of 120 ℃ temperature and 27 MPa pressure. The results show that Raman spectroscopy is able to facilitate quantitatively analyses of dyeing polyester fibers with disperse dyes.

Conclusion The diffusion of disperse dyes in polyester fibers after supercritical CO₂ dyeing was studied by confocal Raman microscopy without damaging the polyester fibers. The content of Disperse Red 167 and Disperse Orange 30 in polyester fibers increased with increasing dyeing time and pressure, while the content of Disperse blue 79 increased and then decreased with increasing dyeing temperature. The diffusion process of the dye was analyzed by studying the I_Dyes/I_Fibers at different fibre depths under different dyeing conditions. It was found that in the early stages of dyeing (5 min into dyeing) the dye already showed a uniform distribution in the fibers, which was related to the dissolution of the polyester fibers in the supercritical CO₂ fluid and the high diffusivity of the supercritical CO₂ fluid itself. The Raman data was compared with conventional stripping data which demonstrated the accuracy of the Raman data and the suitability of Raman spectroscopy to quantify the disperse dye staining in polyester fibers.

Key words: disperse dye, polyester fiber, supercritical CO₂, confocal Raman microscope, diffusion

中图分类号:

TS193.1

范博, 吴伟, 王健, 徐红, 毛志平. 分散染料在超临界CO₂流体染色聚酯纤维中的扩散行为[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(02): 134-141.

FAN Bo, WU Wei, WANG Jian, XU Hong, MAO Zhiping. Diffusion behavior of disperse dyes in supercritical CO₂ fluid polyester fibers dyeing[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(02): 134-141.

图/表 8

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

不同染色条件下分散染料在纱线中的上染量以及纤维径向上IDyes/IFibers的平均值"

编号	染色条件			分散红167		分散橙30		分散蓝79
编号	温度/ ℃	压力/ MPa	时间/ min	$I D y e s / I F i b e r s ˉ$	上染量/ (mg·g^-1)	$I D y e s / I F i b e r s ˉ$	上染量/ (mg·g^-1)	$I D y e s / I F i b e r s ˉ$	上染量/ (mg·g^-1)
1	120	27	5	0.116	1.707	0.136	6.619	0.447	3.207
2	120	27	15	0.201	3.135	0.151	6.942	0.795	6.098
3	120	27	30	0.377	4.564	0.170	7.802	0.960	7.477
4	120	27	60	0.433	5.909	0.167	7.785	1.007	7.510
5	120	27	90	0.510	7.121	0.175	8.031	1.196	7.746
6	100	27	60	0.283	4.435	0.137	7.057	0.618	4.489
7	140	27	60	0.518	7.714	0.167	7.790	0.898	6.581
8	120	21	60	0.124	1.729	0.112	5.302	0.405	2.622
9	120	24	60	0.307	4.153	0.160	8.367	0.776	4.853

表1

图6

图7

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分散染料在超临界CO₂流体染色聚酯纤维中的扩散行为

Diffusion behavior of disperse dyes in supercritical CO₂ fluid polyester fibers dyeing

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