装有气流导向装置的网格圈式集聚纺数值模拟与实验验证

摘要/Abstract

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doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231006301

摘要： 为优化集聚纺集聚区的气流状态,通过在集聚区安装一个气流导向装置来改变流场分布,以增强气流作用效果。为提高研究效率,量化分析流场参数,借助ANSYS Fluent软件对集聚区流场进行数值模拟。将网格圈加入数值模拟模型,优化了仿真参数,得到更准确的集聚区气流分布规律。通过对比气流在集聚区的集聚有效面积,探索负压大小和气流导向装置对集聚区平行于罗拉轴向的气流速度分量的影响,并对结果进行纺纱实验验证。结果表明:负压的增大和气流导向装置均可增大集聚区的集聚有效面积,面积增大幅度分别为34.49%和62.16%;纱线性能方面,线密度越大,气流导向装置的提升效果越好,纺制29.2 tex棉纱时,与无导向装置相比,毛羽(≥3 mm)减少了28.9%,断裂强度提升了7.62%。

关键词: 集聚纺, 数值模拟, 气流导向装置, 气流分析, 纱线质量

Abstract:

Objective In order to optimize the airflow state in the converging zone of the compact spinning system, improve the utilization rate of negative pressure, and reduce the energy consumption of production, this research aims to modify the flow field distribution by installing an airflow-guiding device in the converging zone to enhance the effect of airflow. Through numerical simulations and spinning experiments, the performance of the airflow-guiding device was explored under various yarn densities to assess its enhancement of yarn properties.

Method A three-dimensional (3-D) geometrical model of the converging zone was developed, and numerical simulations of the flow field were performed using ANSYS Fluent software. A lattice-apron was innovatively added to the model to obtain a more accurate airflow distribution pattern in the converging zone. At the end of the simulation, the effective airflow area in the converging zone was compared, and the influence of negative pressure and the airflow-guiding device on airflow distribution in the converging zone was analyzed. Finally, spinning experiments were conducted to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation.

Results A comparison of the enhancement of the effective convergence area by increasing negative pressure and installing the airflow-guiding device showed that the enhancement achieved by installing the airflow-guiding device was significantly more remarkable than that achieved by increasing negative pressure. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the airflow-guiding device was efficient and energy-saving, improving the airflow field in the converging zone without increasing production energy consumption thus enabling better fiber convergence. The number of hairiness (≥3 mm) was reduced across all yarn densities after the installation of the airflow-guiding device. For the yarn linear densities (14.6, 19.4, and 29.2 tex), the greater was the yarn linear density, the more effective was the hairiness reduction. In particular, the hairiness for the three yarns was reduced by 2.88%, 22.7%, and 28.9%, respectively. For the 9.7, 7.3, and 6.5 tex yarns, hairiness was reduced, but the reduction rate was smaller, only 3.57%, 1.02%, and 3.05%, respectively. The combination of numerical simulation and the results of the installation of the airflow guiding device showed that the fiber bundles passing through the convergence zone were subjected to greater transverse airflow forces, resulting in narrower fiber bundle widths and smaller twisted triangles, thus reducing yarn hairiness. In terms of breaking strength, for yarns with the linear density in the range of 6.5-29.2 tex, the breaking strength increased by 2.81%, 3.77%, 2.89%, 3.08%, 7.62%, and 2.24% following the installation of the airflow-guiding device. After installation, the fiber bundle in the converging zone became narrower, fibers were more tightly packed, and friction between the fibers increased, making it more difficult for them to slip, which enhanced the yarn strength and elongation. Regarding yarn evenness, the installation of the airflow-guiding device improved the evenness of all yarns to a certain extent. The increased airflow speed caused fibers to shift from the yarn edges and be distributed more uniformly within the yarn, improving the yarn evenness.

Conclusion An airflow-guiding device was designed for four-roller compact spinning with the lattice-apron, and the influence of the airflow-guiding device on the airflow field was investigated through numerical simulation and spinning tests. The numerical simulation results show that both the increase of negative pressure and the installation of the airflow-guiding device can enhance the effect of airflow in the converging zone. The airflow-guiding device directs more transverse airflow into the converging zone, which facilitates fiber bundle convergence. Yarn performance tests confirm that the airflow-guiding device improves yarn hairiness, elongation, and evenness across six different yarn densities, proving the device's effectiveness and broad applicability. In conclusion, the positive effects of the airflow-guiding device were confirmed in high and low-count yarns through numerical simulation and spinning tests.

Key words: compact spinning, numerical simulation, airflow-guiding device, airflow analysis, yarn quality

中图分类号:

TS104.7

宋凯莉, 郭明瑞, 高卫东. 装有气流导向装置的网格圈式集聚纺数值模拟与实验验证[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(01): 34-41.

SONG Kaili, GUO Mingrui, GAO Weidong. Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of lattice-apron compact spinning with airflow-guiding device[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(01): 34-41.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20231006301

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I01/34

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流速/(m·s^-1)	压降/Pa
5	8.75
10	19.27
20	45.60
30	78.98
40	119.43
50	166.94

速率区间/ (mm·s^-1)	不同速率区间分布面积/mm²
速率区间/ (mm·s^-1)	A1组	A2组	B1组	B2组
≥5 000	73.95	97.78	85.31	112.73
[4 000,5 000)	11.02	14.97	12.63	31.39
[3 000,4 000)	16.27	42.99	17.72	55.52
[2 000,3 000)	27.47	68.50	33.63	54.72
[1 000,2 000)	90.63	131.31	145.62	169.75
[0,1 000)	520.87	384.66	445.30	316.10

线密度/ tex	粗纱定量/ (g·(10 m)^-1)	细纱捻系数	吸风负压/Pa	钢丝圈型号
6.5	3.0	400	-1 600	U1UL udr18/0
7.3	3.0	380	-1 600	U1UL udr15/0
9.7	3.0	350	-1 600	U1UL udr11/0
14.6	4.0	340	-2 500	U1UL udr9/0
19.4	4.0	330	-2 500	U1UL udr7/0
29.2	4.0	330	-2 500	U1UL udr1/0

线密度/ tex	有无导向片	毛羽(≥3 mm)/ (根·(100 m)^-1)	断裂强度/ (cN·tex^-1)	条干 CV值/%
6.5	无	163	21.3	15.43
6.5	有	159	21.9	15.28
7.3	无	98	21.2	14.96
7.3	有	97	22.0	14.65
9.7	无	84	24.2	13.14
9.7	有	81	24.9	12.56
14.6	无	104	19.5	17.22
14.6	有	101	20.1	17.13
19.4	无	163	21.0	14.88
19.4	有	126	22.6	14.39
29.2	无	159	22.3	13.25
29.2	有	113	22.8	13.18

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