低取代度淀粉烷基羧酸单酯的烷基链长对涤纶上浆性能的影响

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231007201

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 122-127.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20231007201

低取代度淀粉烷基羧酸单酯的烷基链长对涤纶上浆性能的影响

彭博¹, 吴宇洁¹, 张悦¹, 李妙龙¹, 孟祥², 李伟¹(), 鲁育豪³

1.安徽工程大学纺织服装学院, 安徽芜湖 241000
2.爱德维德医疗科技(苏州)有限公司,江苏苏州 215000
3.合肥塞夫特淀粉有限公司,安徽合肥 230000

收稿日期:2023-10-23 修回日期:2024-06-05 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-22
通讯作者: 李伟(1986—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为纺织浆料的开发与研究。E-mail:fangzhiliweiwu@sina.com。
作者简介:彭博(2000—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织浆料的制备与性能。
基金资助:
安徽省高校优秀青年人才支持计划项目(gxyq2022024);安徽省纺织工程技术研究中心、安徽省高等学校纺织面料重点实验室开放基金项目(2021AETKL17);安徽工程大学校级科研项目(Xjky2022081)

Influence of alkyl chain length of starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester with low substitution degree on sizing property of polyester warp yarns

PENG Bo¹, WU Yujie¹, ZHANG Yue¹, LI Miaolong¹, MENG Xiang², LI Wei¹(), LU Yuhao³

1. College of Textiles and Garments, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
2. Edelwide Medical Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
3. Hefei Safood Starch Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui 230000, China

Received:2023-10-23 Revised:2024-06-05 Published:2024-10-15 Online:2024-10-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为在纺织经纱上浆中合理使用含有烷基羧酸单酯取代基的酯化淀粉,以酸解淀粉为原料,选取乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸酐、丁酸酐和己酸酐为酯化剂,分别进行化学变性处理,制备了4种取代度相近(0.018左右)、烷基羧酸单酯取代基的烷基链长逐渐增大的淀粉烷基羧酸单酯,即醋酸酯淀粉、丙酸酯淀粉、丁酸酯淀粉和己酸酯淀粉。以酸解淀粉为对比样,探究4种酯化变性对淀粉浆液性能及浆膜性能的影响,明确烷基羧酸单酯烷基链长对性能的影响规律。结果表明:部分淀粉颗粒经酯化变性后产生了一定损伤,颗粒表面形成了凹槽;在较低取代度下,4种淀粉烷基羧酸单酯浆液表观黏度与酸解淀粉浆液相比无明显不同,表明4种酯化变性对淀粉浆液黏度无明显影响;4种淀粉烷基羧酸单酯对涤纶的黏附力及其浆膜的断裂伸长率和耐屈曲性均优于酸解淀粉,且其性能随着烷基羧酸单酯取代基烷基链长的增加而逐渐增强,但浆膜断裂强度呈现与之相反的趋势。综合考虑实验结果,推荐4种淀粉烷基羧酸单酯中的己酸酯淀粉应用于涤纶的经纱上浆。

关键词: 淀粉, 浆料, 烷基羧酸单酯化变性, 取代度, 上浆性能, 涤纶纱

Abstract:

Objective It is well known that natural starch exhibits insufficient adhesion to fibers and strong film brittleness, due to numerous hydroxyls and cyclic structure on its chains. As concluded, the alkyl carboxylate monoester groups introduced onto starch chains by chemical esterification can improve the properties of starch. The groups include acetate, propionate, butyrate, and caproate groups. However, the effect of the alkyl chain length of these alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents on the properties of starch has not been explained. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to ascertain the effect of the alkyl chain length of these alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents on the properties, in order to identify the starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester with the best sizing properties for polyester warp yarns.

Method To ascertain the effect of the alkyl chain length of these alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents on the sizing properties of starch, four types of starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester samples with a similar degree of substitution of 0.018 were prepared by the esterification of acid-converted starch (ACS) with vinyl acetate, propionic anhydride, butyric anhydride, and caproic anhydride as esterifying agents, respectively, under the weakly alkaline and low-temperature conditions, in aqueous medium. The surface morphology of their granules was observed and analyzed by a scanning electron microscope, and the modification levels of starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester samples were determined by titration analysis. The effects of the alkyl chain length of these alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents on the adhesion to polyester fibers, film properties, and apparent viscosity were investigated, and the adhesion was investigated by a standard method (FZ/T 15001—2008) in China via measuring the bonding force of slightly sized polyester roving. The measurement of film properties mainly contained tensile strength, breaking elongation, and bending endurance. The apparent viscosity was determined on an NDJ-79 rotary viscometer at a shear rate of 1 850 s^-1.

Results SEM results revealed that the starch samples were still in a granular state, but some damages were produced on granular surfaces, which was mainly attributed to the modifications occurred under alkaline conditions and at the free hydroxyls on the granular surfaces. The starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester samples with an esterification level of about 0.018 were prepared, by the esterification of ACS with the 9 g of vinyl acetate, propionic anhydride, butyric anhydride, and caproic anhydride, respectively. The adhesion of the samples to polyester fibers and size film elongation and endurance were found higher than that of ACS. The introduction of alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents on the starch chains played an internal plasticization on the starch adhesive layers and films, promoting the bonding force to polyester roving and film elongation and endurance. Increasing the alkyl chain length of the alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents produces gradually increased bonding force, and film elongation and endurance. The tensile strength of the size films was reduced. The esterification modification with a low degree of substitution had no obvious effect on the apparent viscosity of the starch paste, making it still have good flowability and beneficial for the adhesion between starch and fibers.

Conclusion This study concluded that the esterification could improve the adhesion and film properties of starch, thereby favoring the promotion of its sizing quality to warp yarns. The alkyl chain length of the alkyl carboxylic acid monoester substituents showed an important correlation with the properties, and along with the rise in the length, the adhesion, and film elongation and endurance were gradually increased. It is identified that the use of caproate starch(CS) in polyester warp sizing leads to best sizing properties.

Key words: starch, sizing agent, alkyl carboxylic acid monoesterification, degree of substitution, sizing property, polyester yarn

中图分类号:

TS103.8

彭博, 吴宇洁, 张悦, 李妙龙, 孟祥, 李伟, 鲁育豪. 低取代度淀粉烷基羧酸单酯的烷基链长对涤纶上浆性能的影响[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(10): 122-127.

PENG Bo, WU Yujie, ZHANG Yue, LI Miaolong, MENG Xiang, LI Wei, LU Yuhao. Influence of alkyl chain length of starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester with low substitution degree on sizing property of polyester warp yarns[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(10): 122-127.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20231007201

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I10/122

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样品编号	外观	pH值	气味	含水率/%
ACS	白色粉末	6.4	无味	11.42
AS	白色粉末	6.5	无味	9.02
PS	白色粉末	6.6	无味	9.52
BS	白色粉末	6.5	无味	10.33
CS	白色粉末	6.5	无味	9.73

淀粉样品编号	酯化剂种类	取代度
AS	乙酸乙烯酯	0.018 7
PS	丙酸酐	0.018 3
BS	丁酸酐	0.018 4
CS	己酸酐	0.018 5

淀粉样品编号	取代度	黏度/(mPa·s)	黏附力/N
ACS	—	18	127
AS	0.018 7	17	130
PS	0.018 3	19	132
BS	0.018 4	18	140
CS	0.018 5	17	153

淀粉样品编号	取代度	耐屈曲/次数
ACS	—	974
AS	0.018 7	1 275
PS	0.018 3	1 429
BS	0.018 4	1 802
CS	0.180 0	1 930

低取代度淀粉烷基羧酸单酯的烷基链长对涤纶上浆性能的影响

Influence of alkyl chain length of starch alkyl carboxylic acid monoester with low substitution degree on sizing property of polyester warp yarns

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