基于复合纳米纤维膜的离子传感器制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231200101

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04): 15-23.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20231200101

• 纺织科技新见解学术沙龙专栏：绿色功能与智能纺织品 • 上一篇下一篇

基于复合纳米纤维膜的离子传感器制备及其性能

梁文静¹^,², 吴俊贤¹^,², 何崟¹^,²(), 刘皓¹^,²

1.天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
2.天津工业大学智能可穿戴电子纺织品研究所, 天津 300387

收稿日期:2023-12-04 修回日期:2024-01-23 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-05-13
通讯作者: 何崟(1985—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为智能纺织品与服装、可穿戴传感材料及电子器件。E-mail:heyin@tiangong.edu.cn。
作者简介:梁文静(1997—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为智能可穿戴纺织品。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52203276);天津市科委科技人员服务企业项目(22YDTPJC00560);中国博士后基金项目(2021M691699)

Preparation and performance of ion sensors based on composite nanofiber membranes

LIANG Wenjing¹^,², WU Junxian¹^,², HE Yin¹^,²(), LIU Hao¹^,²

1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. Institute of Smart Wearable Electronic Textiles, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China

Received:2023-12-04 Revised:2024-01-23 Published:2024-04-15 Online:2024-05-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为开发具有高稳定性、高灵敏度的柔性离子传感器,采用静电纺丝法制备聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)/离子液体(IL)复合纳米纤维膜,与电极材料组装成三明治结构的离子传感器。探讨了纺丝液质量分数及IL含量对纺丝工艺和纤维膜形貌的影响;其次利用能量色散X射线光谱仪和红外光谱仪表征了复合纳米纤维膜所含元素分布与化学结构;进一步利用柔性传感器测试系统探究了不同IL含量、不同厚度的纳米纤维膜对于传感器性能的影响。结果表明:在PVDF质量分数为18%~19%,且与离子液体量比为2∶1或3∶1时,复合纳米纤维膜表面规整,串珠少,纤维直径分布均匀,带电离子数量增多且分布均匀;随着PVDF/IL纳米纤维膜的厚度增加,离子传感器的检测范围逐渐增大,灵敏度逐渐降低;在聚偏二氟乙烯质量分数为18%,且与离子液体的量比为2∶1时,离子传感器在 0~40 kPa 的检测范围内具有32.471 pF/kPa灵敏度的压力感测,在5 000次加载-循环中保持突出的力学稳定性,并且可应用于分辨人体关节运动的检测。

关键词: 聚偏二氟乙烯, 离子液体, 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维膜, 柔性离子传感器

Abstract:

Objective In order to develop a flexible ion sensor with high stability and sensitivity, polyvinylidene fluoride ionic liquid ((PVDF)/IL) composite nanofibrous membranes were prepared by electrostatic spinning, and assembled with electrode materials to form an ion sensor with a sandwich structure.

Method The effects of spinning liquid mass fraction and IL content on the spinning process and fibrous membrane morphology were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, and the elemental distribution and chemical structure of the composite nanofibrous membranes were characterized using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effects of nanofibrous membranes with different IL contents and thicknesses on the sensor performance were investigated using the flexible sensor test system (FSTS), and the ion sensors were attached to human skin and clothes for body signals and motion monitoring, and the real-time output electrical signals were recorded using the FSTS.

Results When the mass ratio of PVDF was 18%-19% and the dosage ratio of ionic liquid was 2∶1 and 3∶1, the composite nanofibrous membranes had a regular surface, fewer beads, and a uniform distribution of fibre diameters. The addition of ionic liquid increased the number of charged ions in the PVDF nanofibre membranes and made them uniformly distributed. The pressure sensing sensitivity of the ion sensor in the detection range of 0-40 kPa was 32.471 pF/kPa at a PVDF mass fraction of 18% and an ionic liquid dosage ratio of 2∶1. The increase in ionic liquid content in the composite nanofibrous membrane ion sensor resulted in a significant increase in the sensitivity of the sensor. As the thickness of the nanofibre membrane increases, the detection range of the sensor gradually increases and the sensitivity gradually decreases. The hysteresis of the ion sensor was 6.64% with no significant delay or dependence at different pressure levels, with compression rate of 5 000 loading cycles. Ion sensors attached to the surface of human skin and clothing was able to distinguish the motion of the human body by the output pressure-capacitance curves.

Conclusion The composite nanofibre membrane-based ion sensor exploits the supercapacitive property of the electric double layer (EDL) to accurately detect small-amplitude human motion and large-amplitude joint motion. Meanwhile, the composite nanofibre membrane ion sensor has a pressure sensing with a sensitivity of 32.471 pF/kPa in the detection range of 0-40 kPa, maintains outstanding mechanical stability after 5 000 loading-cycles, has a low hysteresis rate (6.64%) and has no significant delay and dependence. The membrane can be applied in the future to communication with deaf people, human-computer interaction, intelligent control and other fields.

Key words: polyvinylidene fluoride, ionic liquid, electrostatic spinning, nanofiber membrane, flexible ion sensor

中图分类号:

TS179

梁文静, 吴俊贤, 何崟, 刘皓. 基于复合纳米纤维膜的离子传感器制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(04): 15-23.

LIANG Wenjing, WU Junxian, HE Yin, LIU Hao. Preparation and performance of ion sensors based on composite nanofiber membranes[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(04): 15-23.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20231200101

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I04/15

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PVDF与IL量比	不同压力下的灵敏度/(pF·kPa^-1)
PVDF与IL量比	0~5 kPa	5~25 kPa	25~40 kPa
2∶1	32.471	26.655	1.397
3∶1	21.499	11.085	2.667
4∶1	6.211	1.649	0.544
1∶0	0.356	0.176	0.016

基于复合纳米纤维膜的离子传感器制备及其性能

Preparation and performance of ion sensors based on composite nanofiber membranes

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