基于还原-氧化体系的活性染料染色棉织物剥色

摘要/Abstract

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doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231202601

摘要：

为解决传统剥色工艺复杂、剥色时间长、剥色过程能耗大等问题,设计并采用二氧化硫脲与过硫酸钠联合组成的还原-氧化剥色体系对活性蓝KN-R染色棉织物进行剥色,分析了剥色液中剥色剂质量浓度、碱剂质量浓度、剥色时间以及温度对剥色效果和棉织物强力的影响,探究了剥色剂对染色棉织物进行剥色的剥色机制。得到的二氧化硫脲体系最佳剥色工艺条件为:二氧化硫脲质量浓度2 g/L,氢氧化钠质量浓度6 g/L,剥色时间20 min,剥色温度60 ℃。过硫酸钠体系最佳剥色工艺条件为:过硫酸钠质量浓度6 g/L,氢氧化钠浓度质量4 g/L,剥色时间20 min,剥色温度60 ℃。在最佳剥色工艺条件下对活性蓝KN-R染色棉织物剥色率达到96.05%,强力保留率也维持在90%以上。相比于传统剥色工艺,二氧化硫脲-过硫酸钠剥色体系对染色棉织物进行剥色的剥色率较高,织物强力损伤较小,所需剥色剂用量少,剥色时间短,剥色温度低,是一种高效、节能的剥色方法。

关键词: 棉织物, 剥色率, 强力保留率, 二氧化硫脲, 过硫酸钠, 还原-氧化剥色体系, 循环再利用

Abstract:

Objective The annual production of waste textiles is enormous, and the existing treatment routes such as chemical incineration and physical landfill are commonly employed to deal with waste textiles. These methods not only severely pollute the environment but also result in significant resource waste. Therefore, recycling waste textiles is crucial for conserving resources and reducing pollution. Color stripping is a prerequisite for recycling the colored waste textiles. However, conventional color stripping processes are characterized by high energy consumption, low efficiency, and operational complexity. This research aims to develop an environmentally friendly color stripping process that is both low in energy consumption and easy to operate as an alternative to the conventional color stripping methods.

Method A reduction-oxidation stripping system, employing thiourea dioxide (TD) as the reducing agent and sodium persulfate (Na₂S₂O₈) as the oxidizing agent, was used to strip the dyed cotton fabrics colored with Reactive Blue KN-R. The influences of stripping agent concentration, alkali concentration, stripping time, and temperature on the color stripping rate and the strength retention rate of the fabric were investigated. After stripping, the K/S values of the fabrics were measured using spectrophotometers to determine the color stripping rate. The strength retention rate was measured using an electronic fabric strength tester. All samples were measured three to five times to obtain an average value.

Results In the reductive color stripping process, the concentration of NaOH significantly affected the removal of dye molecules. When the concentration of NaOH was increased from 1 g/L to 6 g/L, the stripping rate increased from 73.09% to 86.95%. Excessive dosage of TD resulted in slight decreases in both color stripping rate and strength retention rate, indicating that excessive TD concentration is not conducive to colorant removal. The color stripping rate increased with time but showed minimal improvement beyond 20 min. Higher temperatures improved the color stripping rate but also caused a notable decrease in strength retention rate. When the temperature of the stripping system reached 70 ℃, after stripping for 20 minutes, the fabric strength retention rate dropped below 90%. In the oxidative stripping process, the stripping rate was higher than 90.00% with the dosage of NaOH being more than 1 g/L. A gradually increasing tendency was also obtained as the concentration of the oxidant Na₂S₂O₈ being increased from 1 g/L to 6 g/L. Similarly, the color stripping rate was increased within 20 minutes and stabilized afterward. Higher temperature also increased the color stripping rate but damaged the cotton fabrics, reducing the strength retention rate. After TD reduction stripping and Na₂S₂O₈ oxidation stripping, the fabric color changed from blue to purple and eventually to white. Additionally, the sequential reduction-oxidation stripping system effectively stripped fabrics dyed with other reactive dyes. For fabrics dyed with Reactive Red M-3BE, Reactive Red X-3B, Reactive Blue KN-G, and Reactive Blue M-BE, the initial reductive color stripping rates were 91%, 93%, 64%, and 78%, respectively. The subsequent oxidative stripping further improved the rates to 97%, 98%, 83%, and 96%, respectively.

Conclusion The sequential stripping system of TD reduction and Na₂S₂O₈ oxidation can serve as an alternative to conventional color stripping methods. For the cotton fabrics dyed with Reactive Blue KN-R, the stripping rate can reach 96% under low-temperature conditions, while the strength retention rate remains above 90%. The optimized TD reductive stripping process includes a thiourea dioxide concentration of 2 g/L, NaOH concentration of 6 g/L, stripping time of 20 minutes, and stripping temperature of 60 ℃. The optimized Na₂S₂O₈ oxidative stripping process includes a sodium persulfate concentration of 6 g/L, NaOH concentration of 4 g/L, stripping time of 20 minutes, and stripping temperature of 60 ℃. Compared to traditional color stripping processes, the new method causes less fabric damage, uses fewer stripping agents, requires shorter stripping times, and operates at lower temperatures. Moreover, the sequential reduction-oxidation stripping system is applicable to a wide range of reactive dyes.

Key words: cotton fabric, color stripping, strength retention rate, thiourea dioxide, sodium persulfate, reduction-oxidation stripping system, recycling

中图分类号:

TS193.7

武浩, 周嫦娥, 高振清, 冯嘉禾. 基于还原-氧化体系的活性染料染色棉织物剥色[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(12): 128-136.

WU Hao, ZHOU Chang'e, GAO Zhenqing, FENG Jiahe. Color stripping performance of cotton fabrics dyed with reactive dyes based on reduction-oxidation system[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(12): 128-136.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20231202601

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I12/128

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剥色方法	剥色率	强力保留率
二氧化硫脲-过硫酸钠	96.05	96.62
保险粉-双氧水(方案A)	98.12	84.09
保险粉-双氧水(方案B)	89.24	92.85