MoS2/MXene阻燃气敏棉织物的制备及其性能

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MoS₂/MXene阻燃气敏棉织物的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics

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doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20240501901

摘要：

针对易燃棉织物引发的室内火灾难以及时预警的难题,以植酸为掺杂剂,通过原位聚合法制备植酸掺杂聚吡咯改性棉织物,同时采用水热法合成MoS₂/Ti₃C₂T_x杂化纳米材料(MoS₂/MXene),然后通过浸渍法将其组装到改性织物上,得到CO₂响应的阻燃棉织物,研究其热稳定性、阻燃性能和CO₂气敏性,揭示阻燃与气敏机制。结果表明:MoS₂/MXene阻燃涂层使得棉织物的最大质量损失速率降低了55.2%,残炭量从9.6%明显提高到21.7%,提高了棉织物的热稳定性;MoS₂/MXene阻燃涂层使得棉织物的热释放速率峰值和总热释放从235.8 W/g和26.7 kJ/g分别降低到38.9 W/g和8.0 kJ/g,降幅分别高达83.5%和68.7%,这得益于植酸掺杂聚吡咯的P-N协同阻燃效应与MoS₂/MXene的片层阻隔效应;MoS₂/MXene阻燃涂层对CO₂气体具有很高的灵敏度,当CO₂质量浓度仅为180 mg/m³时,电阻变化率高达49.9%,可监测火灾初起阶段燃烧气体中CO₂骤变。

关键词: 二硫化钼, MXene, 异质结构, 阻燃预警, 气敏机制, 阻燃织物, 功能性纺织品

Abstract:

Objective To address the issue of indoor fire alarms caused by flammable cotton fabrics, MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics were prepared with dual functions of active early warning response and passive flame retardant protection. It is significant for protecting personal and property safety by detecting characteristic CO₂ gas in the early stages of a fire and preventing the spread of flames.

Method Phytic acid-doped polypyrrole modified cotton fabrics were prepared using in-situ polymerization with phytic acid as dopant. Meanwhile, MoS₂/MXene hybrid nanomaterials were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and then assembled onto the modified fabrics by impregnation method to obtain CO₂-responsive flame retardant cotton fabrics. The thermal stability, flame retardant performance and CO₂ gas sensitivity were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, an FTT micro calorimeter and a digit multimeter, respectively.

Results MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics were successfully prepared. The surface of the pure cotton fabric was initially smooth, but after modification with phytic acid-doped polypyrrole, it became rough and covered with numerous particles. This change is due to the in-situ synthesis of the doped polypyrrole particles adhering to the cotton fabric. After dipping, the surface of flame-retardant cotton fabric became even rougher with regular folds, indicating successful adsorption of the MoS₂/MXene nano-hybrid material. The MoS₂/MXene flame retardant coating reduced the maximum weight loss rate of cotton fabric by 55.2% and increased the residual carbon content from 9.6% to 21.7%, enhancing thermal stability. Additionally, the coating decreased the peak heat release rate and total heat release by 83.5% and 68.7%, respectively, from 235.8 W/g and 26.7 kJ/g to 38.9 W/g and 8.0 kJ/g. This improvement is attributed to the P-N synergistic flame retardant effect of the doped polypyrrole and the barrier effect of MoS₂/MXene. The fabrics also exhibited high sensitivity to CO₂ gas, with a significantly higher resistance change rate compared to fabrics treated only with MoS₂ or MXene. At a CO₂ concentration of 180 mg/m³, the resistance change rate was as high as 49.9%, allowing for early detection of CO₂ changes during the initial stages of a fire. The presence of P-N heterojunctions in the MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics increased the concentration and migration rate of carriers in the channel, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics to CO₂ gas. In addition, MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics provide more adsorption sites for CO₂ gas, further improving the sensitivity.

Conclusion MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics were successfully synthesized, demonstrating dual functionality of active early warning response and passive flame retardant protection. Compared to pure cotton fabrics, the MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics show significant improved flame retardant efficiency, with an 83.5% reduction in the peak heat release rate and a 68.7% reduction in total heat release. This performance is mainly due to the P-N synergistic flame retardant effect of phytate-doped polypyrrole and the barrier effect of MoS₂/MXene. In addition, MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics exhibit high sensitivity to CO₂gas, capable of monitoring sudden change of CO₂ at the initial stage of a fire. This study shines a new light on fire prevention and control.

Key words: MoS₂, MXene, heterogeneous structure, flame retardant early warning, gas-sensitive mechanism, flame retardant fabric, functional textiles

中图分类号:

TS194.6

关玉, 王冬, 郭一凡, 付少海. MoS₂/MXene阻燃气敏棉织物的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(12): 159-165.

GUAN Yu, WANG Dong, GUO Yifang, FU Shaohai. Preparation and properties of MoS₂/MXene flame retardant gas sensitive cotton fabrics[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(12): 159-165.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20240501901

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I12/159

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样品	T_d/℃	T_max/℃	R_max/ (%·min^-1)	残炭量/%
原棉织物	277.5	370.2	1.844	9.6
MoS₂/MXene阻燃气敏棉织物	207.9	323.9	0.826	21.7

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