全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器的制备及其性能

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全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器的制备及其性能

Preparation and performance of all-fabric iontronic flexible pressure sensor

全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器的制备及其性能

Preparation and performance of all-fabric iontronic flexible pressure sensor

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doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20240904601

纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (02): 113-121.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20240904601

张蕊¹^,², 叶苏娴², 王建¹^,²(), 邹专勇¹^,²

1.绍兴文理学院浙江省清洁染整技术研究重点实验室, 浙江绍兴 312000
2.绍兴文理学院绍兴市高性能纤维及制品重点实验室, 浙江绍兴 312000

收稿日期:2024-09-24 修回日期:2024-10-31 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-03-04
通讯作者: 王建(1989—),男,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为智能可穿戴纺织品。E-mail:jwang@usx.edu.cn。
作者简介:张蕊(2000—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纤维基传感器件的制备。
第一联系人：
说明:本文入选中国纺织工程学会第25届陈维稷论文卓越行动计划
基金资助:
浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)项目(2023R465032);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202351466)

ZHANG Rui¹^,², YE Suxian², WANG Jian¹^,²(), ZOU Zhuanyong¹^,²

1. Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
2. Shaoxing Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers & Products, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China

Received:2024-09-24 Revised:2024-10-31 Published:2025-02-15 Online:2025-03-04

摘要：

针对传统的电容式压力传感器灵敏度较低且不透气的问题,制备了一种采用碳纳米管修饰的非织造布为电极层,离子液体处理的非织造布为介电层的透气性全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器。借助扫描电子显微镜、全自动单一纤维接触角测量仪和全自动透气性测试仪等表征与分析电极层和介电层。结果表明:全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器在低压范围(0~1.19 kPa)内的灵敏度高达2.89 kPa^-1,具有0~224 kPa较宽的感测范围,较短的响应时间(50 ms),在超过1 000次施压循环后仍然保持较稳定的相对电容变化;此外,还具有较好的透气率(225 mm/s)和超疏水性,其水接触角为159.5°。全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器对人体关节运动具有优异的识别能力,在运动监测领域具有潜在的应用前景。

关键词: 柔性压力传感器, 离电式柔性压力传感器, 非织造布, 碳纳米管, 运动监测

Abstract:

Objective With the rapid development of smart wearable technology, flexible capacitive pressure sensors have been widely applied in various fields. However, traditional sensors suffer from low sensitivity and poor breathability, which seriously affect their performance and wearing comfort. Hence, this paper presents a breathable iontronic flexible pressure sensor based on the use of nonwoven fabrics, aiming to improve the deficiencies of existing capacitive sensors.

Method A breathable all-fabric iontronic flexible pressure sensor was prepared by using nonwoven fabric as the base material, carbon nanotube-modified nonwoven fabric as the electrode layer, and ionic liquid-treated nonwoven fabric as the dielectric layer. The sensor was characterized and analyzed using SEM, TH2830 LCR digital multimeter, and a self-developed tensile tester.

Results Three different contents (20%, 35% and 50%) of ion/fabric dielectric layers were prepared. The sensitivity and sensing performance of the sensors with these three different contents of ion/fabric dielectric layers were comparatively investigated. The results indicated that the sensor with 50% ion/fabric dielectric layer exhibited the highest sensitivity. This is attributed to the fact that the sensor reduced the distance between the upper and lower electrodes under external pressure. Meanwhile, with the increase in the content of ionic liquid adhered to the fiber surface, under the effect of the enhanced electric field, the number of pairs of charges accumulated at the electrode-dielectric layer interface will increase, thereby enhancing the response capacitance value. The sensor with 50% ion/fabric dielectric layer had a sensitivity as high as 2.89 kPa^-1 within the range of 0-1.19 kPa and a sensitivity of 0.17 kPa^-1 within the range of 1.19-224 kPa. Simultaneously, it demonstrated a wide sensing range (0-224 kPa), short response and recovery times (50/50 ms), strong durability (> 1 000 cycles), air permeability (225 mm/s), and superhydrophobic properties, with a water contact angle of 159.5°. Additionally, this sensor sh owed favorable non-contact performance, with a non-contact sensitivity of 1.43×10^-3 cm^-1.

Conclusion The above characterizations suggest that the sensing performance of the iontronic flexible pressure sensor fabricated with the nonwoven fabric modified by 50% ionic liquid has been significantly enhanced. Under non-contact sensing, this sensor can distinctly recognize the speed and distance of the contacted object. Under pressure sensing, it can rapidly and precisely perceive the variations in human joint movement and motion angles. Therefore, this work opens up a new path for flexible capacitive sensors and has great potential in the field of human motion monitoring.

Key words: flexible pressure sensor, iontronic flexible pressure sensor, nonwoven fabric, carbon nanotube, motion monitoring

中图分类号:

TS176

张蕊, 叶苏娴, 王建, 邹专勇. 全织物型离电式柔性压力传感器的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(02): 113-121.

ZHANG Rui, YE Suxian, WANG Jian, ZOU Zhuanyong. Preparation and performance of all-fabric iontronic flexible pressure sensor[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(02): 113-121.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20240904601

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I02/113

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