基于闪爆-碱煮联合工艺的天然竹纤维提取

纺织学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 56-61.

基于闪爆-碱煮联合工艺的天然竹纤维提取

张袁松谢吉祥李晓龙张光先

西南大学纺织服装学院

收稿日期:2011-10-08 修回日期:2012-05-03 出版日期:2012-10-15 发布日期:2012-10-17
通讯作者: 谢吉祥 E-mail:zyshjh@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
重庆市自然科学基金项目；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目；教育部第39批留学基金项目；教育部春晖计划资助项目；人力资源和社会保障部留学人员科技活动优先资助基金项目；西南大学博士基金资助项目

Steam explosion and alkali boiling combined degumming of natural bamboo fibers

Received:2011-10-08 Revised:2012-05-03 Online:2012-10-15 Published:2012-10-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高对天然竹纤维的脱胶效果，本文研究了天然竹纤维闪爆-碱煮联合脱胶工艺，讨论了闪爆-碱煮联合处理条件对纤维脱胶效果的影响。用FTIR、SEM、强力仪对联合脱胶后竹纤维的化学成分、表面形态结构、强度进行分析。结果表明：闪爆-碱煮联合处理竹纤维的脱胶效果比单一碱煮或闪爆处理的效果好，纤维直径显著减小；闪爆条件越强烈，纤维脱胶率越高，纤维越分散，柔软性越好；竹纤维中半纤维素和木质素也得到了较好的脱除，纤维素含量达到63.59%；纤维断裂强度为21.98 cN/tex，断裂伸长率为3.56%。

关键词: 天然竹纤维, 闪爆, 碱煮, 脱胶

Abstract: In order to improve the effect of natural bamboo fiber degumming, the process of steam explosion and alkali boiling united degumming of bamboo fibers was researched, and the effect of process conditions on the degumming effect of the fibers was analyzed. FTIR, SEM and strength tester were used to analyse the chemical composition, morphology and strength of the united degummed fibers. The results showed that the effect of fibers steam explosion and alkali boiling united treated degumming was better than that of fibers single alkali boiling or steam explosion treated, the diameter of fiber reduced obviously. Furthermore, the more intense steam explosion conditions, the higher degumming rate, the more scattered, the better softness of the fibers. The hemicelluloses and lignin were removed from the fibers well, and the cellulose content rose to 63.59%, the strength and elongation of the bamboo fibers at break were 21.98 cN/tex, 3.56%, respectively.

Key words: natural bamboo fiber, steam explosion, aldali boiling, degumming

张袁松谢吉祥李晓龙张光先. 基于闪爆-碱煮联合工艺的天然竹纤维提取[J]. 纺织学报, 2012, 33(10): 56-61.

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