聚氨酯/聚偏氟乙烯共混膜防水透气织物的制备及其性能

纺织学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 23-0.

聚氨酯/聚偏氟乙烯共混膜防水透气织物的制备及其性能

周颖姚理荣高强

南通大学纺织服装学院

收稿日期:2013-04-28 修回日期:2014-01-14 出版日期:2014-05-15 发布日期:2014-05-09
基金资助:
交通运输部应用基础研究项目；江苏省科技厅基础研究计划（自然科学基金）--青年基金项目；南通市科技局应用研究计划项目

Preparation and characterization of polyurethane∕polyvinylidene fluoride waterproof permeable composite fabric

Received:2013-04-28 Revised:2014-01-14 Online:2014-05-15 Published:2014-05-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文用静电纺丝法制备聚氨酯/聚偏氟乙烯共混纳米纤维膜，研究了溶质质量比对纳米纤维形貌、直径及膜性能的影响，探索共混纤维膜较优制备工艺。采用静电喷射方式将聚氨酯湿气固化胶喷于涤纶基布表面，再以较优静电纺丝工艺将共混纳米纤维喷于含胶水的涤纶基布上，研究了共混纳米纤维膜/涤纶基布复合织物的防水透气等性能。结果表明：共混纳米纤维膜较优制备工艺为：静电纺丝电压为14 kV、接收距离为10 cm、纺丝液浓度为12 wt%、溶剂配比N，N-二甲基甲酰胺/丙酮=4/6、溶质质量比聚氨酯/聚偏氟乙烯=7/3；聚氨酯湿气固化胶在涤纶布表面呈微米级点状或块状分布，当其质量百分数为40 wt%时，纳米纤维膜与基布粘结牢度、透气性较好，复合织物随膜厚度增加，其抗湿性相差不大，耐静水压值、透气性、断裂伸长率有所降低，但拉伸断裂强力有很大提高。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 聚氨酯∕聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维膜, 复合织物, 防水透气性, 拉伸性能

Abstract: PU/PVDF nanofibrous membranes were successfully prepared by electrospinning in this paper. By changing of the mass ratio of solute, it could be seen that it had great effect on morphology, diameter of the spun fibers and the contact angle of fiber membrane. In this study, PU/PVDF membrane with optimum parameter was explored. After that, press the membrane and polyester cloth together by selecting one-component polyurethane adhesive of optimum concentration through electrospinning, and its waterproofness, breathability and other performances were investigated. The results showed that the optimum process for electrospinning of PU/PVDF membrane were, the mass ratio of solute of PU/PVDF 7/3, voltage 14 kV, traveling distance 10 cm, concentration 12 wt% and volume ratio of component solvents of DMF/Acetone 4/6. The distribution of adhesive appeared as micron spot or block on the surface of polyester cloth. In addition, its cohesiveness and breathability were better when the concentration of adhesive was about 40 wt%. With the increasing of thickness of PU membranes, the waterproof values, the breathability and breaking elongation of compound fabric were worse while its breaking strength was better，and it had a similar humidity resistance with PU/PVDF membranes’.

Key words: electrospinning, polyurethane∕polyvinylidene fluoride nanofibrous menbrane, composite fabric, waterproofness and permeability, stretchability

中图分类号:

TS174.8

周颖姚理荣高强. 聚氨酯/聚偏氟乙烯共混膜防水透气织物的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2014, 35(5): 23-0.

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