含氟聚氨酯的合成及其静电纺膜复合织物的防酸透湿性能

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为使防酸面料兼具优良的防护性能，通过合成法将氟基团引入聚氨酯，制备出含氟聚氨酯，使用静电纺丝技术，将含氟聚氨酯纳米纤维化，沉积于织物表面，制备了一种防酸透湿复合织物。对合成的含氟聚氨酯进行了红外光谱和核磁共振文韵谱图表征，同时对复合织物的防酸透湿性能进行分析。红外光谱测试结果表明：合成的产物为含氟聚氨酯；核磁共振谱图测试结果证明了含氟聚氨酯的化学结构与预期相符；静态接触角测试结果表明：聚氨酯/含氟聚氨酯纳米纤维膜复合织物对水的接触角最高可达到141°，对80%硫酸的接触角最大可达124°，展现出优异的拒水拒酸性和耐酸腐蚀性；舒适性能测试表明：在保持优异拒水拒酸性能的同时，透湿率可达4177.49 g/(㎡•24h），透气率可达24.15 mm/s。

关键词: 含氟聚氨酯, 静电纺丝, 复合织物, 防酸透湿性能

Abstract:

In order to allow acid-proofing fabric to have high protective performance and comfortability, a kind of electrospun fibrous membranes composite fabrics with high acid-proofness and water permeability were prepared by introducing fouoro into polyurethane (PU) by synthesis to obtain fluorinated polyurethane (FPU), processing FPU into nanofiber by lelectrostatic spinning, and depositing on the fabric surface. FPU were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FT-IR and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) , and the acid-proofness and water permeability of the composite fabrics were investigated.FT-IR results indicate that hte synthesized peoduct is FPU. NMR results indicated that chemical structure of FPU is the same as the desired one. Contact angle measurements suggested that PU/FPU fibrous membranes composite fabric possessed remarkable superhydrophobicity and corrosion resistance with contact angle to water up to 141° and 80% H2SO4 up to 124°. Comfort property test show that the resultant composite fabrics present high water permeability of 4177.49 g/(㎡•24h）, and good air permeability of 24.15 mm/s.

Key words: fluouinaated polyurethane, electrospinning, composite fabric, acid-proofness and water permeability

李智勇邵一卿孙窈张亮夏鑫. 含氟聚氨酯的合成及其静电纺膜复合织物的防酸透湿性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2017, 38(10): 7-12.

参考文献

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