纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (01): 114-119.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180305906

• 服装工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

燃烧假人衣下空气层的三维现场扫描测量与表征

王敏1,2, 李俊1,2()   

  1. 1.东华大学 服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
    2.东华大学 现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室, 上海 200051
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-23 修回日期:2018-09-26 出版日期:2019-01-15 发布日期:2019-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 李俊
  • 作者简介:王敏(1984—),女,高级实验师,博士。主要研究方向为服装舒适性及功能防护服装。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232017D-24);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232018G-08);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51576038);上海市自然科学基金资助项目(17ZR1400500)

Three-dimensional on-site scanning measurement and characterization of air gap entrapped between flame manikin and clothing

WANG Min1,2, LI Jun1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Clothing Design and Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
  • Received:2018-03-23 Revised:2018-09-26 Online:2019-01-15 Published:2019-01-18
  • Contact: LI Jun

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摘要：

为准确获取燃烧假人测试中防火服热暴露前后衣下空气层厚度及其分布,提出一种基于三维现场扫描的测量和表征方法。利用Kinect深度相机,通过在燃烧假人室内构建扫描平台,现场获得假人裸体及着装状态点云数据;基于Geomagic逆向工程软件进行三维建模、对齐和比较,并通过实现假人表面传感器在三维空间的准确定位,快速有效地表征衣下空气层厚度及分布。经验证发现:即使是相同的服装每次穿着后衣下空气层分布也存在较大差异;背部区域热暴露前后空气层厚度平均变异系数分别达到46%、35%。结果表明,以往异地扫描获得的数据难以准确反映燃烧测试时的真实状态,现场扫描更有利于准确分析因服装材料、规格、高温收缩等因素导致的衣下空气层变化对热防护性能的影响。

关键词: 热防护, 三维现场扫描, 燃烧假人, 衣下空气层厚度

Abstract:

In order to accurately acquir the air gap thickness and distribution of fireproof clothing before and after heat exposure in the flame manikin test, a measurement and characterization method based on three-dimensional (3-D) on-site scanning was proposed. Firstly, by using Kinect depth cameras, a 3-D scanning platform was established in the combustion chamber, based on which the 3-D point cloud data of the nude manikin and clothed manikin before and after exposure was obtained directly. Then by modeling, alignment, and 3-D comparison in the reverse engineering software Geomagic, and with the realization of accurate location of the manikin surface sensors in the 3-D space, the air gap thickness and distribution were extracted quickly and effectively. The verification test results show that even for the same clothes, the distribution of air gaps under clothing is quite different each time. The variation coefficients of the gap thickness at the back before and after exposure even reach 46% and 35%, respectively. This indicates that the data obtained from the previous remote scanning method an not fully reflect the real state in the combustion test, and the on-site scanning is more conducive to accurately analyze the influence of air thickness change caused by clothing material, specifications, thermal shrinkage and other factors on the thermal protective performance.

Key words: thermal protective, 3-D on-site scanning, flame manikin, air gap thickness

中图分类号: 

  • TS941.17

图1

Microsoft Kinect的构成"

图2

安装在燃烧室内的扫描仪 (a) Panoramic image; (b) Detail image"

图3

燃烧假人表面传感器定位 (a) Physical mark; (b) 3-D indentification; (c) Partial enlargement of 3-D indentification map"

图4

燃烧假人照片及三维重建模型 (a) Nude manikin; (b) 3-D model of nude manikin;(c) Clothed manikin before exposure; (d) 3-D model of clothed manikin before exposure; (e) Clothed manikin after exposure;(f) 3-D model of clothed manikin after exposure"

表1

热暴露前后平均衣下空气层厚度及其变化率"

重复样本 A1/mm A2/mm R/%
样本1 24.76 9.80 60.42
样本2 24.41 9.98 59.12
样本3 23.52 9.80 58.33
平均值 24.23 9.86 59.29
变异系数 2.64% 1.05% 1.78%

图5

热暴露前后衣下空气层厚度分布 (a) Before exposure; (b) After exposure"

表2

热暴露前后服装局部衣下空气层厚度及其减小率"

传感器
编号		 样本1 样本2 样本3 变异系数/%
A1/mm A2/mm R/% A1/mm A2/mm R/% A1/mm A2 R/% A1 A2 R
B01 26.59 6.81 74.39 33.89 10.27 69.7 15.58 7.75 50.26 36.36 21.62 19.75
B02 16.44 8.79 46.53 28.66 9.65 66.33 12.71 10.85 14.63 43.30 10.60 61.37
B03 16.33 3.50 78.57 19.38 4.52 76.68 13.36 4.70 64.82 18.40 15.26 10.16
B04 23.35 3.55 84.8 17.05 5.42 68.21 7.79 5.16 33.76 48.72 21.51 41.82
B05 40.61 6.55 83.87 53.58 10.65 80.12 48.86 4.99 89.79 13.77 39.52 5.76
B06 15.59 0.42 97.31 16.13 0.55 96.59 18.39 0.42 97.72 8.89 16.20 0.59
B07 23.27 2.16 90.72 13.99 3.87 72.34 10.07 1.45 85.6 42.97 49.89 11.45
B08 25.57 2.40 90.61 46.02 4.82 89.53 35.12 3.12 91.12 28.77 36.05 0.90
B09 28.22 2.11 92.52 33.25 5.50 83.46 46.97 4.39 90.65 26.85 43.21 5.38
B10 21.58 0.42 98.05 32.11 1.82 94.33 29.61 0.48 98.38 19.81 87.30 2.32
B11 1.55 0.42 72.9 18.63 1.19 93.61 8.03 0.89 88.92 91.70 46.57 12.75
B12 41.31 0.88 97.87 36.45 2.59 92.89 38.31 2.03 94.70 6.34 47.55 2.65
B13 11.49 0.59 94.87 35.55 0.42 98.82 27.69 0.42 98.48 49.25 20.59 2.25
B14 32.15 1.90 94.09 18.87 2.67 85.85 15.10 3.28 78.28 40.64 26.43 9.19
B15 0.54 0.46 14.81 24.40 0.84 96.56 0.42 0.42 0.00 163.37 40.43 140.07
B16 7.01 0.83 88.16 3.89 1.59 59.13 4.47 1.38 69.13 32.39 30.98 20.45
B17 1.49 0.60 59.73 7.80 1.82 76.67 0.42 1.34 -219.05 123.21 49.04 -602.77
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