纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (07): 8-12.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180709706

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

冷却温度对聚偏氟乙烯/超高分子量聚乙烯共混中空纤维膜结构与性能的影响

李娜娜1, 鲁清晨2, 尹巍巍2, 肖长发1   

  1. 1. 天津工业大学 省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室, 天津 300387
    2. 天津工业大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-31 修回日期:2019-04-08 出版日期:2019-07-15 发布日期:2019-07-25
  • 作者简介:李娜娜(1982-),女,教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能纤维与膜分离技术。E-mail: linana_tj@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51503144);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(18JCZDJC37000)

Influence of cooling temperature on structure and properties of polyvinylidene fluoride/ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene blends hollow fiber membrane

LI Nana1, LU Qingchen2, YIN Weiwei2, XIAO Changfa1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membranes Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2018-07-31 Revised:2019-04-08 Online:2019-07-15 Published:2019-07-25

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摘要：

针对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜强度与渗透性能难以同步提高的问题,以矿物油和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为复合稀释剂,通过热致相分离法制备了PVDF/超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)共混中空纤维膜,探究不同冷却温度对膜形貌及孔结构的影响,并通过气通量、水通量及拉伸强力测试表征了中空纤维膜的渗透性能与力学性能。结果表明:原纤状UHMWPE增加了PVDF球晶聚集体的连接性;冷却温度对共混中空纤维膜的结构与性能影响显著;随着冷却温度的升高,PVDF/邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和UHMWPE/矿物油的相分离与结晶时间均延长,纤维膜的平均孔径和孔隙率增加,渗透性能改善,但大孔的出现和UHMWPE原纤数量的减少使纤维膜的力学性能下降。

关键词: 中空纤维膜, 热致相分离法, 聚偏氟乙烯, 超高分子量聚乙烯, 冷却温度

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of hard synchronous increase strength and permeability of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) membrane, PVDF/ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) blends hollow fiber membranes were prepared by thermally induced phase separation, using mineral oil and dibutyl phthalate as mixed diluents. The influences of different cooling temperatures on the morphology and pore structure of the membrane were investigated. Permeability and mechanical properties of hollow fiber membranes were characterized by gas flux, water flux and tensile strength. The results show that fibrillar UHMWPE increases the connectivity of PVDF spherulitic aggregates. The cooling temperature has a significant influence on the structure and properties of the blends hollow fiber membrane. With the cooling temperature increases, the time of phase separation and crystallization of blends system(PVDF/dibutyl phthalate and UHMWPE/mineral oil) are prolonged. The average pore size and porosity of the membrane increase, which improves the membrane permeability. However, the appearance of large pores and the decrease of UHMWPE fibrils reduce the mechanical properties of the membrane.

Key words: hollow fiber membrane, thermally induced phase separation, polyvinylidene fluoride, ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene, cooling temperature

中图分类号: 

  • TB324

图1

不同冷却温度下PVDF/UHMWPE共混中空纤维膜的横截面扫描电镜照片"

图2

不同冷却温度条件下PVDF/UHMWPE共混中空纤维膜的孔径分布"

表1

不同冷却温度下PVDF/UHMWPE共混中空纤维膜平均孔径和孔隙率"

冷却温度/℃ 孔隙率/% 平均孔径/nm
20 74.0 1 045
35 76.2 1 104
50 77.8 1 154
65 81.1 1 227

表2

不同冷却温度条件下PVDF/UHMWPE共混中空纤维膜通量和接触角"

冷却温度/
℃		 气通量/
(L·m-2·h-1)		 水通量/
(L·m-2·h-1)		 接触角/
(°)
20 892 1 525 76.8
35 920 1 721 100.5
50 951 1 946 108.5
65 970 2 170 117.8

表3

冷却温度对PVDF/UHMWPE共混中空纤维膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响"

冷却温度/℃ 拉伸强度/MPa 断裂伸长率/%
20 4.7 182.3
35 4.2 160.2
50 3.5 150.6
65 3.1 128.1
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