关键词: 聚丙烯腈, 活性碳纤维, 中空碳纳米纤维, 同轴静电纺丝, 多孔碳纤维

Abstract:

In order to prepare polyacrylonitrile (PAN) activated hollow carbon nanofibers (AHCNF) with higher porosity, the self-prepared PAN copolymers were coaxially electrospun, pre-oxidized, carbonized and activated to prepare AHCNF. The influences of the pore-forming agents on the morphology and porosity were further investigated. The results show that the prepared PAN copolymers has a lower cyclization temperature and less heat release during cyclization, facilitating the pre-oxidation. The carbonization process converses the C—O bond on the PAN surface into the C=O double band, and the activation process converts the C=O double bond into an ester group. The activated hollow carbon nanofibers prepared by adding the pore-forming agent and by adding no pore-forming agent have cross sections with an obvious hollow structure and compact fiber walls. For the activated porous hollow carbon nanofibers (p-AHCNF) prepared by adding the pore-forming agents, the BET total specific surface area increases from 55.719 m²/g to 532.639 m²/g, the pore volume increases from 0.070 cm³/g to 0.312 cm³/g, the average mesopore diameter increases from 3.408 nm to 4.309 nm, and the yields decreases from 27.14% to 9.44%.

Key words: polyacrylonitrile, activated fiber, hollow carbon nanofiber, coaxial electrospinning, porous carbon nanofiber