几种差别化聚酯纤维的结构与性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180805107

纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 13-19.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180805107

几种差别化聚酯纤维的结构与性能

魏艳红¹, 刘新金¹(), 谢春萍¹, 苏旭中¹, 吉宜军²

1.生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学), 江苏无锡 214122
2.南通双弘纺织有限公司, 江苏南通 226600

收稿日期:2018-08-23 修回日期:2019-07-02 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-26
通讯作者: 刘新金
作者简介:魏艳红(1987—),女,工程师,硕士生。主要研究方向为高保形纱线及织物开发。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309200);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20170169);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2018185);江苏省科技副总项目(FZ20180497);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX18 0623)

Structure and properties of several differentiated polyester fibers

WEI Yanhong¹, LIU Xinjin¹(), XIE Chunping¹, SU Xuzhong¹, JI Yijun²

1. Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles (Jiangnan University), Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
2. Nantong Double Great Textile Co., Ltd., Nantong, Jiangsu 226600, China

Received:2018-08-23 Revised:2019-07-02 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-26
Contact: LIU Xinjin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为更好地了解新型差别化聚酯纤维的结构与性能,为后续产品开发提供参考,选取聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)、低黏度PET/高收缩PET复合纤维(SPH)、PET/PTT双组分复合弹性纤维(T400)4种差别化聚酯纤维,借助扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、超景深三维数码显微镜、热性能分析仪等对纤维的结构与性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:SPH、T400纤维表面有沟槽,可以产生毛细效应;SPH经拉伸或热处理后可产生纤维的自卷曲效应;T400纤维卷曲收缩率大,断裂强度高,弹性回复性好;PET断裂强度高,可以做仿蚕丝产品;PTT分子结构具有独特的奇碳效应,使其纤维具有较高回弹性及弹性回复性。

关键词: 差别化纤维, 聚酯纤维, 弹性回复, 断裂强度, 结构

Abstract:

In order to better understand the structure and properties of novel differentiated polyester fiber and provide a reference for subsequent product development. The structures and performances of polyester(PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate(PTT), low viscosity PET and high shrinkage PET cornposite filament(SPH) and PET/PTT composite elastic fiber(T400) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, three-dimensional digital microscope, thermogravimetry, etc. The results show that the surface of SPH and T400 fiber have grooves, which can produce capillary effect. After stretching or heat treatment, the SPH fiber can be self-crimped. T400 fiber has large crimp shrinkage, high breaking strength and good elastic recovery. PET has high breaking strength, and can be used as a silk product. The molecular structure of PTT has a unique odd carbon effect, which enables the fiber to have higher resilience and elastic recovery.

Key words: differentiated fiber, polyester fiber, elastic recovery, breaking strength, structure

中图分类号:

TS102

魏艳红, 刘新金, 谢春萍, 苏旭中, 吉宜军. 几种差别化聚酯纤维的结构与性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(11): 13-19.

WEI Yanhong, LIU Xinjin, XIE Chunping, SU Xuzhong, JI Yijun. Structure and properties of several differentiated polyester fibers[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(11): 13-19.

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纤维名称	断裂伸长率/%	断裂强度/ (cN·tex^-1)	断裂功/ (cN·cm)
SPH	14.40	26.96	486.06
T400	23.78	30.51	811.49
PET	28.37	37.86	—
PTT	39.91	25.80	1 065.07

定伸长率/%	循环次数	弹性回复率/%
定伸长率/%	循环次数	SPH	T400	PET	PTT
5	1	94.4	98.4	87.8	93.3
5	5	90.4	92.4	—	87.2
10	1	74.0	96.4	62.6	94.0
10	5	67.2	87.6	—	90.0
15	1	—	91.2	46.3	91.2
15	5	—	80.5		87.7
20	1	—	—	38.7	89.4
20	5	—	—	—	84.2

定伸长率/%	循环次数	塑性变形率/%
定伸长率/%	循环次数	SPH	T400	PET	PTT
5	1	0.28	0.08	10.20	0.33
5	5	0.48	0.38	—	0.64
10	1	2.60	0.36	37.37	0.60
10	5	3.28	1.24	—	1.00
15	1	—	1.32	53.69	1.32
15	5	—	2.92	—	1.84
20	1	—	—	61.31	2.12
20	5	—	—	—	3.16

纤维名称	长度/cm		沸水收缩率/%
纤维名称	煮沸前	煮沸后	沸水收缩率/%
SPH	49.8	40.0	19.6
T400	49.5	37.5	24.2
PET	50.0	45.5	8.4
PTT	49.8	45.6	9.0

几种差别化聚酯纤维的结构与性能

Structure and properties of several differentiated polyester fibers

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