纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (02): 187-192.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190304706

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    

新型纺织用生物基抗菌整理剂的研究进展

高雪1,2, 李政1,2,3,4(), 巩继贤1,2,3, 李秋瑾1,2,3, 李凤艳1,2, 张健飞1,2,3   

  1. 1.天津工业大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
    2.天津工业大学 先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室, 天津 300387
    3.山东省生态纺织协同创新中心, 山东 青岛 266071
    4.天津中天精科科技有限公司, 天津 300385
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-15 修回日期:2019-10-10 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-02-21
  • 通讯作者: 李政
  • 作者简介:高雪(1995—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织用抗菌整理剂。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309800);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400503-02);新疆自治区重大专项资助(2016A03006-3);天津自然科学基金项目(18JCBJC89600);中国纺织工业联合会科技指导性项目(2017011)

Research progress on new bio-antibacterial agents for textiles

GAO Xue1,2, LI Zheng1,2,3,4(), GONG Jixian1,2,3, LI Qiujin1,2,3, LI Fengyan1,2, ZHANG Jianfei1,2,3   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. Key Laboratory for Advanced Textile Composites(Ministry of Education), Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao, Shandong 266071,China
    4. Tianjin Zhongtian Jingke Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300385, China
  • Received:2019-03-15 Revised:2019-10-10 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-21
  • Contact: LI Zheng

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摘要：

为深入了解目前生物基抗菌整理剂的研究进展,分别介绍了微生物基抗菌整理剂ε-聚赖氨酸和灵菌红素,动物基抗菌整理剂复合型壳聚糖、改性壳聚糖和纳米壳聚糖,以及多种类型植物基抗菌整理剂的抗菌机制及性能特点;针对性地介绍了3类抗菌整理剂在纺织领域的应用基础与目前国内外的最新研究进展,分析了其产品的抑菌效果及与传统纺织用抗菌整理剂相比的性能优势;最后总结了这些新型生物基抗菌整理剂仍然存在的问题,并对其在未来的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 纺织品, 生物抗菌整理剂, 抗菌机制, 抗菌整理

Abstract:

In order to gain a deeper understanding of the current research progress of bio-based antibacterial finishing agents, this paper introduces the antibacterial mechanisms and performance characteristics of several microbial-based antibacterial finishing agents, including ε-polylysine and prodigiosin, animal-based antibacterial finishing agent complex chitosan, modified chitosan and nano-chitosan and various types of plant-based antibacterial finishing agents. In particular, three types of antibacterial finishing agents used in treating textiles were introduced together with the latest research progress worldwide, and the antibacterial effect of the products and the performance advantages were compared with the traditional antibacterial finishing agent for textiles. Problems associated with these new bio-based antibacterial finishing agents were identified and trend for future development was indicated.

Key words: textile, biological antibacterial finishing agent, antibacterial mechanism, antibacterial finishing

中图分类号: 

  • TS195.2

表1

不同种类复合型壳聚糖抗菌整理剂归纳总结"

复合材料 性能特点 参考文献
CS/黏土/AgNPs 整理后棉织物形态均一,热稳定性提高,洗涤20次后仍具有良好的抑菌效果 [14]
CMC/AgNPs 整理剂耐洗性能优异,洗涤50次后抑菌率仍高于94% [15]
CS/银沸石(SZ) 使用传统干-干法工艺,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、念珠菌和毛癣菌均有较好的抑菌活性 [16]
CS/布洛芬 对医用纱布进行药物及抗菌涂层,抗菌性能显著提高,功能性增加 [17]
CS/聚苯胺(PANI) 使用原位聚合法将CS/PANI沉积在羊毛织物表面,导电性能可达11.32 S/cm,颜色均一,抑菌率超过99% [18]
CS/丝胶蛋白 通过酰胺键固定在氧化棉织物上,赋予棉织物良好的柔软性、润湿性,抑菌率达95%以上 [19]
CS/MONPs(金属氧化物纳
米粒子)		 与ZnO、TiO2和SiO2等进行复合后整理涤/棉混纺织物,织物耐用性和功能性提高 [20]
CS/中药纳米粒子 织物抗菌性能和紫外线防护性能增强,具有作为防护服的潜在应用可能 [21]
CS/蜂胶、蜂蜡 整理后织物可作新型伤口敷料,加速伤口愈合,防止伤口感染 [22]
CS/姜黄素 织物抗菌性、抗氧化性提高 [23]
CS/聚吡咯/聚类(3,4-乙二噻吩)
(PEDOT)		 织物具有一定的导电性、抗菌性,可作为新型智能材料 [24]
CS/水性聚氨酯 整理后的羊毛织物更柔软,聚氨酯总用量降低但仍保持良好的抗毡性 [25]

图1

超声波辅助法合成季铵盐化羧甲基壳聚糖"

图2

壳聚糖水杨醛席夫碱制备过程"

图3

TMC、MCT-TMC的制备过程"

表2

植物类抗菌整理剂"

抗菌物质 性能特点 参考文献
茶叶提取物:茶多酚 经茶多酚染色、固色处理后的织物耐摩擦、耐水洗、耐日晒牢度和抗紫外线性得到明显提高,对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率可达85%以上 [33]
罗布麻提取物:
黄酮类物质		 黄酮染色后棉织物耐摩擦较好,具有一定的抗紫外线性和抗菌性 [34]
柚木叶提取物 对羊毛织物有一定的着色能力,赋予织物抗氧化性和耐久的抗菌性,具有应用于医疗保健领域的潜力 [35]
亚麻籽油 对帆布进行抗菌整理,对整理后织物各项性能不产生任何负影响,具有一定的抑菌能力 [36]
绿茶、茜草、姜黄、藏红花
花瓣、指甲花		 天然抗菌染料对羊毛进行染色,使用硫酸铝对织物进行预处理,经5次洗涤和300 min光照后抗菌效果良好 [37]
罗望子果皮:单宁类
物质		 提取罗望子果皮中的单宁类物质作天然媒染剂,并与金属媒染剂共同用于棉、毛、丝织物染色,提高染色织物的色牢度、耐洗性和耐光牢度,对革兰氏阴性、阳性菌最低抑菌浓度均为1%,抑菌效果良好 [38]
椰子纤维提取物:
木质素		 采用控制微生物水解工艺,从椰子纤维中提取大量木质素制备纳米木质素,用丙烯酸接合剂将其固定在棉麻织物表面,织物具有优良的抗菌性、抗紫外线性和抗氧化性 [39]
黄岑提取物:黄岑苷 利用黄芩根中的生物活性成分黄芩苷与蚕丝之间所表现出的静电相互作用,将其用于蚕丝功能整理,赋予蚕丝抗菌、抗氧化、防紫外线等能力,黄芩苷功能化蚕丝可用作防护服装和医用纺织品 [40]
艾蒿油 利用乳化交联法制备艾蒿油-壳聚糖抗菌微胶囊,对革兰氏阴性、阳性菌抑菌率均可达96%以上,可对医用非织造布进行抗菌整理 [41]
红萝卜 红萝卜提取物通过氢键、范德华力等作用吸附于蚕丝织物上,赋予织物良好的抗氧化性、抗菌活性和防紫外线性能 [42]
芦荟、金银花 将提取得到的2种有效成分对棉织物进行整理,复合抗菌剂对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌抑菌率可达91.5%以上,对白色念珠菌抑菌率可达68.8%,且具有一定的耐洗涤性 [43]
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