漂浮自救泳衣设计开发

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200404206

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对游泳溺水事故频发和传统泳衣缺少安全防护功能的问题,以泳池环境为测试条件,研究开发了在突发溺水时可及时充气上浮的漂浮自救泳衣。首先依据小苏打与醋酸接触快速生成二氧化碳气体的化学反应确定充气原理;然后采用热塑性聚氨酯弹性体材料制作气囊储存气体,用热熔胶接法固定气囊、圆软管与旋钮式气阀的气囊充气结构,保证气囊的气密性;最后对泳衣结构、色彩、面料进行表征与分析。结果表明:原料配比关系是气囊浮力值的关键,上下半身气囊的充气占比分别为67%和33%,可确保人体漂浮时头颈部始终露出水面;该漂浮自救泳衣实现了操作便捷、快速充气、夜间发光的功能性设计开发,对降低溺亡事故的发生率、及时自救和救援效率等具有一定的借鉴作用。

关键词: 漂浮自救泳衣, 充气气囊, 阀门, 聚氨酯弹性体, 泳衣结构设计

Abstract:

In view of frequent occurrence of swimming drowning accidents and the lack of safety protection functions of traditional swimsuits, this research used the swimming pool environment as the test condition to study the self-rescue floating swimsuit that could be inflated in time for sudden drowning. The chemical reaction between baking soda and acetic acid to generate carbon dioxide gas quickly was applied to inflate the swimming suits, and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer material was employed to make the gas storage bag. The inflatable structure of the airbag was fixed with a round hose and a gas valve by the hot melt glue connection to ensure the airbag tightness. The structure, color and fabric of the swimsuit were characterized and analyzed. The results show that the ratio of raw materials is the key to the buoyancy value of the airbag, 67% inflation in the upper airbags and 33% in the lower bags ensure that the head and neck are always exposed above the water. The self-rescue floating swimsuit facilitates the functional design and development of convenient operation, fast-inflating and night-lighting features, demonstrating a prototype swimming suit for reducing drowning accidents, and enabling timely self-rescue and rescue efficiency.

Key words: self-rescue floating swimsuit, inflatable airbag, valve, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, swimsuit structure design

中图分类号:

TS941.73

方佳璐, 陈明艳, 黄紫荆. 漂浮自救泳衣设计开发[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(12): 118-123.

FANG Jialu, CHEN Mingyan, HUANG Zijing. Design and development of self-rescue floating swimsuit[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(12): 118-123.

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部位	充气量占比/%	成人充气气体质量/g	儿童充气气体质量/g
上半身	67	6.79	4.52
下半身	33	3.34	2.23

人群	原料	上半身原料质量	下半身原料质量
成人	醋酸	9.246	4.554
成人	小苏打	12.998	6.402
儿童	醋酸	6.164	3.036
儿童	小苏打	8.643	4.257

实验次数	上阀感受标尺	双阀感受标尺
1	Ⅲ
2	Ⅲ~Ⅳ
3	Ⅲ~Ⅳ
4		Ⅳ~Ⅴ
5		Ⅴ
6		Ⅴ