纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 171-179.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200601909

所属专题： 阻燃纤维及纺织品

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

热塑性聚合物阻燃抗熔滴研究现状

孙晨颖1, 王文庆1,2,3, 靳高岭4, 王锐1,2,3()   

  1. 1. 北京服装学院 材料设计与工程学院, 北京 100029
    2. 北京服装学院 服装材料研究开发与评价北京市重点实验室, 北京 100029
    3. 北京市纺织纳米纤维工程技术研究中心,北京 100029
    4. 中国化学纤维工业协会, 北京 100020
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-08 修回日期:2020-11-23 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 王锐
  • 作者简介:孙晨颖(1996—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为阻燃聚酯纤维的制备。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309002);北京学者项目(RCQJ20303);北京市科技计划一般项目(KM202010012004)

Research advances in thermoplastic polymers for flame retardant and anti-dripping behavior

SUN Chenying1, WANG Wenqing1,2,3, JIN Gaoling4, WANG Rui1,2,3()   

  1. 1. School of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    3. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, Beijing 100029, China
    4. China Chemical Fibers Association, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2020-06-08 Revised:2020-11-23 Published:2021-06-15 Online:2021-06-28
  • Contact: WANG Rui

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摘要：

为解决阻燃聚合物及织物燃烧时的熔滴现象,从而实现热塑性聚合物的高品质阻燃,扩大阻燃纤维及制品的应用范围,对国内外热塑性聚合物阻燃抗熔滴的研究现状及最新成果进行综述,阐述了当前阻燃抗熔滴改性的常用方法,主要包括共聚、共混及在织物表面构建阻燃抗熔滴涂层等方法;分析了阻燃抗熔滴的主要机制,概述目前提高聚合物熔体黏度以及快速形成致密、稳定炭层是主要阻燃抗熔滴机制;总结了不同热塑性聚合物体系的阻燃抗熔滴应用,指出多元素复配抗熔滴体系设计与合成、抗熔滴体系与基体材料之间作用方式的优化是阻燃抗熔滴的主要发展趋势。

关键词: 热塑性聚合物, 阻燃性, 抗熔滴性, 抗熔滴机制, 抗熔滴应用

Abstract:

Targetting at the droplet phenomenon of flame retardant polymers and fabrics when burning to achieve high-quality flame-retardant thermoplastic polymers and expand the application range of flame retardant fibers and products, this article reviewed the current research advances and latest findings in the flame retardant and anti-dripping behavior of thermoplastic polymers, and described the commonly used current methods for flame retardant and anti-dripping modification. The common methods of flame retardant and anti-dripping modification including copolymerization, blending and construction of flame retardant and droplet resistant coatings on the fabric surface were described. The main mechanisms of flame-retardant and anti-dripping are analyzed, i.e., increasing the viscosity of polymer melt and forming a dense and stable carbon layer. The flame retardant and anti-dripping applications of different thermoplastic polymer systems are summarized. It is pointed out that the design and synthesis of the multi-element compound anti-dripping system, and the optimization of the interaction mode between the anti-dripping system and the matrix material are the main development trends of flame retardant and anti-dripping.

Key words: thermoplastic polymer, flame retardant, anti-dripping, anti-dripping mechanism, anti-dripping application

中图分类号: 

  • TQ372.4

表1

抗熔滴方法及实施路线"

类别 具体方法 实施路线
化学改性 共聚法 在聚合物反应过程中添加反应型抗熔滴单体,将其接入聚合物主链或侧链中
纤维表面接枝 在聚合物织物的纤维表面接枝反应型抗熔滴剂
物理改性 共混法 将普通聚合物与单一/多元复配抗熔滴剂进行熔融或溶液混合
复合纺丝 将具备阻燃抗熔滴功能聚合物与普通聚合物分别输入同一纺丝组件,汇合后挤出固化成纤
织物表面整理 通过浸渍等方法在织物表面形成阻燃抗熔滴涂层
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