纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 8-17.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210206310

• 纺织科技新见解学术沙龙专栏: 纤维微塑料削减与可持续发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

纤维微塑料的研究现状及其削减策略

周大旺1,2, 乌婧3, 杨建平1,2, 陈烨1,2, 吉鹏3, 王华平1,2,3()   

  1. 1. 东华大学 材料科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
    2. 东华大学 纤维改性材料国家重点实验室, 上海 201620
    3. 东华大学 纺织产业关键技术协同创新中心, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-25 修回日期:2021-03-23 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 王华平
  • 作者简介:周大旺(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为微塑料降解性能研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2232021A-02)

Research progress of fibrous microplastics and mitigation strategies

ZHOU Dawang1,2, WU Jing3, YANG Jianping1,2, CHEN Ye1,2, JI Peng3, WANG Huaping1,2,3()   

  1. 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    3. Co-Innovation Center of Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2021-02-25 Revised:2021-03-23 Published:2021-06-15 Online:2021-06-25
  • Contact: WANG Huaping

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摘要：

纤维微塑料是一种重要的微塑料存在形态,对环境生态、人民健康存在极大潜在风险,也对化纤行业绿色可持续发展提出严峻挑战,亟待对其深入了解并提出削减、管控方案。介绍了纤维微塑料的基本概念和研究现状,阐述其主要产生来源,揭示纤维微塑料从织物表面脱落的影响因素,概述了其生态危害及作用对象,归纳整理现阶段针对纤维微塑料污染问题的削减策略。提出应重点发展纺织品循环再生资源化利用技术体系、生物可降解纤维技术体系、纺织品耐污易清洗技术以及强化过滤截留效率等系列技术,为提升化纤行业绿色制造能力提供解决思路。

关键词: 塑料, 微塑料, 纤维微塑料, 再生循环利用, 生物降解, 削减策略

Abstract:

Fiber-based microplastics (FMPs) is an important form of microplastics, which has great potential risks to the environment, ecology and human health. It also poses a severe challenge to the sustainable development of chemical fiber industry. It is urgent to develop a deep understanding of it and put forward reduction and control schemes. This paper introduced the basic concept of fiber-based microplastics, expounded its main sources, revealed the influencing factors of fiber microplastics falling off from the fabric surface, summarized its ecological hazards and objects, and proposed the reduction strategies for fiber microplastics pollution at the present stage. A series of measures were provoked to focus on the development of the technology system of recycling and recycling of textiles, the technology system of biodegradable fibers, the technology of pollution resistance and easy-cleaning of textiles, and the enhancement of filtration interception efficiency. In order to reduce the ecological hazards brought by the development of China's chemical fiber and textile industry and to improve the green manufacturing capacity of the chemical fiber industry, the structural and functional design of fiber and textile, household washing and sewage treatment devices are taken as the starting points.

Key words: plastic, microplastic, fiber microplastic, recycle and reuse, biodegradation, mitigation strategy

中图分类号: 

  • TS102

表1

不同滤除装置纤维微塑料释放情况比较"

滤除装置 数量/(颗·L-1) 质量/(mg·L-1) 长度/mm
未采用任何截留装置 4 800±820 1.99±0.45 1.5±0.5
洗衣球(Cora Ball) 3 580±390 1.89±0.42 1.3±0.1
Lint LUV-R过滤器 648±165 0.40±0.09 0.4±0.1
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