纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 1-10.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201001410

• 特约专栏:纺织材料阻燃新技术 •    下一篇

碳点对阻燃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯性能的影响

顾伟文1, 王文庆1,2,3, 魏丽菲1,4, 孙晨颖1, 郝聃1, 魏建斐1,2,3, 王锐1,2,3()   

  1. 1.北京服装学院 材料设计与工程学院, 北京 100029
    2.北京服装学院 服装材料研究开发与评价北京市重点实验室, 北京 100029
    3.北京市纺织纳米纤维工程技术研究中心, 北京 100029
    4.四川大学 高分子研究所, 四川 成都 610065
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-07 修回日期:2021-03-18 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 王锐
  • 作者简介:顾伟文(1995—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为阻燃聚酯纤维材料制备。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309000);北京学者项目(RCQJ20303)

Influence of carbon dots on properties of flame retardant poly(ethylene terephthalate)

GU Weiwen1, WANG Wenqing1,2,3, WEI Lifei1,4, SUN Chenying1, HAO Dan1, WEI Jianfei1,2,3, WANG Rui1,2,3()   

  1. 1. School of Material Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    3. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nano Fiber, Beijing 100029, China
    4. Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
  • Received:2020-10-07 Revised:2021-03-18 Published:2021-07-15 Online:2021-07-22
  • Contact: WANG Rui

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摘要：

为探究零维碳纳米材料碳点(CDs)对阻燃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(FRPET)热力学性能、阻燃性能、力学性能及荧光性能的影响,将对PET具有良好阻燃效果的共聚型阻燃剂2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸(CEPPA)与碳点同时采用原位聚合的方式添加到PET基体中,研究碳点添加量对FRPET各项性能的影响规律。通过极限氧指数(LOI值)、垂直燃烧(UL94)、锥形量热(CONE)等测试分析不同碳点添加量对FRPET的性能影响。结果表明:在碳点添加量为1.50%时,FRPET的LOI值最高可达34%,垂直燃烧级别为V-0级,较只添加CEPPA的FRPET引燃时间变长、热释放速率峰值与平均热释放速率及总热释放量均降低;加入CDs后FRPET的力学性能也有很大改善,且赋予了荧光性能,有益于拓宽FRPET的应用领域。

关键词: 碳点, 荧光, 碳纳米材料, 聚酯, 阻燃纤维, 功能性纤维

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials-carbon dots (CDs) on the thermodynamic, flame-retardant, mechanical and fluorescent properties, a copolymer flame retardant with a good flame-retardant effect on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was selected. 2-carboxyethyl phenyl hypophosphorous acid (CEPPA) and carbon dots were added to the PET matrix by in-situ polymerization, and the effect of carbon dot addition on various properties of FRPET was studied. The effect of different carbon dots on the performance of FRPET was analyzed through limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion (UL94), cone calorimetry (CONE) and other tests. The results of the study show that the LOI value of FRPET reaches up to 34%, when the carbon dots addition is 1.50% and the vertical combustion is at the V-0 level. Compared to FRPET with only CEPPA addition, the ignition time is extended and the peak heat release rate reduced, the average heat release rate and the total heat release decreased. In addition, the mechanical properties of FRPET after the addition of CDs are also greatly improved and give FRPET fluorescent properties, which is beneficial for broadening the application fields of FRPET.

Key words: carbon dots, fluorescence, carbon nanomaterials, polyester, flame retardant fiber, functional fiber

中图分类号: 

  • TQ324.8

表1

阻燃共聚物的配方"

样品名称 CEPPA中磷的
质量分数 		碳点(CDs)的
质量分数
PET — —
FRPET 1 —
FRPET-0.25CDs 1 0.25
FRPET-0.50CDs 1 0.50
FRPET-0.75CDs 1 0.75
FRPET-1.00CDs 1 1.00
FRPET-1.50CDs 1 1.50
FRPET-2.00CDs 1 2.00

图1

明胶基碳点的荧光性能、形貌及粒径分布"

图2

明胶基碳点的红外光谱图"

图3

PET、FRPET、FRPET-CDs制备示意图"

图4

不同碳点添加量的FRPET的TG和DTG曲线"

表2

碳点/CEPPA/PET共聚物的热重测试结果"

样品名称 T5%/℃ 最大质量损失
速率/(%·min-1) 		Tmax/℃ 700 ℃时
残炭量/%
PET 389.63 20.55 432.57 7.49
FRPET 380.59 19.27 435.43 9.09
FRPET-0.25CDs 382.93 19.18 436.74 8.00
FRPET-0.50CDs 381.76 20.11 431.60 9.68
FRPET-0.75CDs 383.63 20.01 433.48 10.15
FRPET-1.00CDs 382.88 21.26 431.71 11.02
FRPET-1.50CDs 383.95 19.77 430.78 11.93
FRPET-2.00CDs 378.72 18.29 430.57 12.08

图5

不同碳点添加量的FRPET的DSC曲线"

表3

阻燃共聚物的DSC数据"

样品名称 Tg/℃ Tc/℃ Tm/℃
PET 64 209 245
FRPET 69 153 219
FRPET-0.25CDs 63 164 230
FRPET-0.50CDs 67 163 229
FRPET-0.75CDs 60 158 228
FRPET-1.00CDs 70 154 229
FRPET-1.50CDs 62 151 228
FRPET-2.00CDs 67 150 227

表4

碳点/CEPPA/PET共聚物的LOI值和UL94测试结果"

样品名称 LOI值/% UL94测试
t1/s t2/s 级别
PET 21 31.6 11.941 -
FRPET 31 1.01 1.16 V-0
FRPET-0.25CDs 28 0.65 0.72 V-0
FRPET-0.50CDs 31 1.22 0.63 V-0
FRPET-0.75CDs 33 0.89 0.9 V-0
FRPET-1.00CDs 34 0.89 0.76 V-0
FRPET-1.50CDs 34 0.65 0.72 V-0
FRPET-2.00CDs 26 0.92 1.08 V-0

图6

不同碳点添加量FRPET的锥形量热曲线"

表5

碳点/CEPPA/PET共聚物的锥形量热测试结果"

样品名称 引燃时间/s 热释放速率峰值/(kW·m-2) 平均热释放速率/(kW·m-2) 总热释放量/(MJ·m-2)
PET 51 915.85 241.2 65.22
FRPET 55 717.47 145.5 52.66
FRPET-0.25CDs 54 627.97 125.6 46.35
FRPET-0.50CDs 53 581.53 139.4 50.89
FRPET-0.75CDs 52 631.91 139.5 51.22
FRPET-1.00CDs 59 623.32 147.9 52.78
FRPET-1.50CDs 58 626.89 126.1 47.06
FRPET-2.00CDs 62 732.25 139.2 51.29

图7

锥形量热测试后复合材料残炭的SEM照片"

图8

PET和PET阻燃共聚物残炭的红外光谱图"

表6

碳点/CEPPA/PET共聚物力学性能测试结果"

样品名称 拉伸强度/MPa 弹性模量/MPa 断裂伸长率/%
PET 46.37 785.52 6.80
FRPET 55.82 1 119.99 7.60
FRPET-0.25CDs 56.21 1 122.21 7.20
FRPET-0.50CDs 58.88 1 191.78 7.60
FRPET-0.75CDs 59.77 1 308.45 8.40
FRPET-1.00CDs 51.49 1 372.96 5.40
FRPET-1.50CDs 51.18 1 203.80 7.61
FRPET-2.00CDs 49.73 1 063.78 5.20

图9

碳点/CEPPA/PET共聚物在光激发下的发射波谱"

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