超支化磷酰胺在粘胶织物阻燃整理中的应用

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200900507

纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 39-45.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200900507

• 特约专栏:纺织材料阻燃新技术 • 上一篇下一篇

超支化磷酰胺在粘胶织物阻燃整理中的应用

张超¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 蒋之铭¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 朱少彤¹, 张晨曦¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 朱平¹^,²^,³^,⁴

1.青岛大学纺织服装学院, 山东青岛 266071
2.青岛大学功能纺织品与先进材料研究院, 山东青岛 266071
3.青岛大学生物多糖纤维成形与生态纺织国家重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071
4.青岛大学海洋生物质纤维材料及纺织品山东省协同创新中心, 山东青岛 266071

收稿日期:2020-09-01 修回日期:2021-04-07 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-22
通讯作者: 蒋之铭
作者简介:张超(1995—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能性纤维及功能性纺织品。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309000);国家自然科学基金项目(51991354)

Application of hyperbranched phosphoramide in flame retardant finishing of viscose fabrics

ZHANG Chao¹^,²^,³^,⁴, JIANG Zhiming¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), ZHU Shaotong¹, ZHANG Chenxi¹^,²^,³^,⁴, ZHU Ping¹^,²^,³^,⁴

1. College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
2. Institute of Functional Textiles and Advanced Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biomass Fibers Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China

Received:2020-09-01 Revised:2021-04-07 Published:2021-07-15 Online:2021-07-22
Contact: JIANG Zhiming

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为开发无甲醛阻燃粘胶织物,以多羟基超支化磷酰胺(HPAE)和1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)为阻燃整理体系,制备阻燃粘胶织物。对比分析整理前后粘胶织物的表面结构组成、成炭性能和燃烧行为,评价该阻燃整理体系对粘胶织物的拉伸断裂强力、折皱回复角和白度的影响。结果表明:当织物的质量增加率为22.5%时,极限氧指数(LOI值)从21.0%提高到28.9%,织物离火自熄,能顺利通过垂直燃烧测试;HPAE极大提升了粘胶织物的成炭能力,在800 ℃氮气氛围中的残炭量为42.9%;整理后织物在燃烧过程中的热释放明显降低,最大热释放速率和总热释放量分别下降了59.4%和15.1%;经过25次标准水洗后,LOI值从29.1%下降到24.8%。

关键词: 粘胶织物, 1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸, 超支化磷酰胺, 阻燃剂, 阻燃整理, 功能纺织品

Abstract:

In order to realize synchronously formaldehyde-free and flame retardant properties of viscose fabrics, a flame-retardant viscose fabric was prepared with polyhydroxy hyperbranched phosphoramide (HPAE) and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) as the flame retardant finishing system in this paper. The surface structure composition, charring performance and burning behavior of the viscose fabric before and after finishing were compared and analyzed, and the effect of the flame retardant system on the tensile breaking strength, wrinkle recovery angle and whiteness of viscose fabric were evaluated. The results show that when the weight gain of the fabric reaches 22.5%, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value is increased from 21.0% to 28.9%. The fabric can self-extinguish after leaving the fire, and can successfully pass the vertical burning test.The introduction of HPAE greatly improved the carbon-forming ability of the viscose fabric, and the residual char retention rate was 42.9% in the nitrogen atmosphere at 800 ℃.The heat release of the finished fabric in the combustion process was obviously reduced,and the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and the total heat release (THR) decreased by 59.4% and 15.1%, respectively. After 25 standard washings, the LOI value of the fabric dropped from 29.1% to 24.8%.

Key words: viscose fabric, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, hyperbranched phosphoramide, flame retardant, flame retardant finishing, functional textiles

中图分类号:

TS195.5

张超, 蒋之铭, 朱少彤, 张晨曦, 朱平. 超支化磷酰胺在粘胶织物阻燃整理中的应用[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(07): 39-45.

ZHANG Chao, JIANG Zhiming, ZHU Shaotong, ZHANG Chenxi, ZHU Ping. Application of hyperbranched phosphoramide in flame retardant finishing of viscose fabrics[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(07): 39-45.

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HPAE质量浓度/(g·L^-1)	质量增加率/%	LOI 值/%	续燃时间/s	阴燃时间/s	损毁长度/cm
0	—	21.0	14.6	66.1	—
100	7.2	22.5	6.6	3.1	30.0
200	17.1	25.1	7.8	0	30.0
300	22.5	28.9	0	0	9.6
400	24.2	29.4	0	0	8.3
500	24.9	29.6	0	0	8.4

样品	T_5%/℃	T_max/℃	残炭量/%
样品	T_5%/℃	T_max/℃	T_max时	800 ℃时
对照织物	262	340	45.0	18.8
整理织物	238	279	73.8	42.9

样品	最大热释放速率/ (kW·m^-2)	总热释放量/ (MJ·m^-2)	平均有效燃烧热/ (MJ·kg^-1)	总烟释放量/ (m²·m^-2)	二氧化碳与一氧化碳的质量比	残炭量/%
对照织物	299	5.3	11.9	12.6	11.5	—
整理织物	121	4.5	8.3	25.4	7.7	13.4

水洗次数	质量增加率/%	LOI值/%
0	23.2	29.1
5	20.0	26.2
10	18.5	25.8
15	17.7	25.6
20	17.2	25.3
25	16.2	24.8

样品	拉伸断裂强力/N		折皱回复角/(°)	白度/%
样品	经向	纬向	折皱回复角/(°)	白度/%
对照织物	388.8±7.1	266.9±9.1	199.7±2.9	77.6±0.3
整理织物	185.0±13.1	79.8±2.9	222.0±5.0	52.4±0.7

超支化磷酰胺在粘胶织物阻燃整理中的应用

Application of hyperbranched phosphoramide in flame retardant finishing of viscose fabrics

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